Events

105 BC – Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus.

69 BC – Battle of Tigranocerta: Forces of the Roman Republic defeat the army of the Kingdom of Armenia led by King Tigranes the Great.

68 BC – Battle of Artaxata: Lucullus averts the bad omen of this day by defeating Tigranes the Great of Armenia.

1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day is skipped in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.

1600 – Jacopo Peri's Euridice, the earliest surviving opera, receives its première performance in Florence, signifying the beginning of the Baroque Period

1683 – William Penn brings 13 German immigrant families to the colony of Pennsylvania, marking the first major immigration of German people to America.

1762 – Seven Years' War: conclusion of the Battle of Manila between Britain and Spain, which resulted in the British occupation of Manila for the rest of the war.

1789 – French Revolution: Louis XVI returns to Paris from Versailles after being confronted by the Parisian women on 5 October

1849 – The execution of the 13 Martyrs of Arad after the Hungarian war of independence.

1854 – The Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead starts shortly after midnight, leading to 53 deaths and hundreds injured.

1884 – The Naval War College of the United States Navy is founded in Newport, Rhode Island.

1889 – Thomas Edison shows his first motion picture.

1908 – Austria annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.

1923 – The great powers of World War I withdraw from Istanbul

1927 – Opening of The Jazz Singer, the first prominent talking movie.

1928 – Chiang Kai-Shek becomes Chairman of the Republic of China.

1939 – World War II: The last Polish army is defeated.

1945 – Baseball: Billy Sianis and his pet billy goat are ejected from Wrigley Field during Game 4 of the 1945 World Series (see Curse of the Billy Goat).

1973 – Egypt launches a coordinated attack against Israel leading to the Yom Kippur War.

1976 – Cubana Flight 455 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean shortly after taking off from Bridgetown, Barbados after two bombs, placed on board by terrorists with connections to the CIA, exploded. All 73 people on-board are killed.

1976 – New Premier Hua Guofeng orders the arrest of the Gang of Four and associates and ends the Cultural Revolution in the People's Republic of China.

1976 – Massacre of students gathering at Thammasat University in Bangkok, Thailand to protest the return of ex-dictator Thanom, by a coalition of right-wing paramilitary and government forces, triggering the return of the military to government.

1977 – In Alicante, Spain, fascists attack a group of MCPV militants and sympathizers, and one MCPV sympathizer is killed.

1977 – The first prototype of the MiG-29, designated 9-01, makes its maiden flight.

1979 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first pontiff to visit the White House.

1985 – PC Keith Blakelock is murdered as riots erupt in the Broadwater Farm suburb of London.

1987 – Fiji becomes a republic.

1995 – 51 Pegasi is discovered to be the first major star apart from the Sun to have a planet (and extrasolar planet) orbiting around it.

2000 – Yugoslav president Slobodan Milošević resigns.

2000 – Argentine vice president Carlos Álvarez resigns.

2002 – The French oil tanker Limburg is bombed off Yemen.

2007 – Jason Lewis completes the first human-powered circumnavigation of the globe.

2010 – Roy Halladay pitches the second no-hitter in MLB Postseason History during Game 1 of the NLDS versus the Cincinnati Reds

Births

1289 – King Wenceslaus III of Bohemia (d. 1306)

1459 – Martin Behaim, German navigator and geographer (d. 1507)

1510 – Rowland Taylor, English clergyman (d. 1555)

1510 – John Caius, English physician (d. 1573)

1552 – Matteo Ricci, Italian Jesuit missionary (d. 1610)

1573 – Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, English patron of the theater (d. 1624)

1610 – Charles de Sainte-Maure, duc de Montausier, French soldier (d. 1690)

1716 – George Montague-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax, English statesman (d. 1771)

1738 – Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (d. 1789)

1744 – James McGill, Scottish-Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1813)

1767 – Henri Christophe, king of Haiti (d. 1820)

1769 – Sir Isaac Brock, British commander (d. 1812)

1773 – King Louis-Philippe of France (d. 1850)

1801 – Hippolyte Carnot, French statesman (d. 1888)

1803 – Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, German physicist (d. 1879)

1820 – Jenny Lind, Swedish soprano (d. 1887)

1831 – Richard Dedekind, German mathematician (d. 1916)

1838 – Giuseppe Cesare Abba, Italian patriot and writer (d. 1910)

1846 – George Westinghouse, American engineer and inventor (d. 1914)

1866 – Reginald Fessenden, Canadian-born inventor and radio pioneer (d. 1932)

1872 – Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian writer (d. 1936)

1874 – Frank G. Allen, 51^st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1950)

1876 – Ernest Lapointe, French-Canadian politician (d. 1941)

1882 – Karol Szymanowski, Polish composer and pianist (d. 1937)

1886 – Edwin Fischer, Swiss pianist and conductor (d. 1960)

1887 – Le Corbusier, Swiss architect (d. 1965)

1888 – Roland Garros, French pilot (d. 1918)

1892 – Jackie Saunders, American silent film actress (d. 1954)

1895 – Caroline Gordon, American writer and critic (d. 1981)

1900 – Stan Nichols, English cricketer (d. 1961)

1903 – Ernest Walton, Irish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)

1905 – Helen Wills Moody, American tennis player (d. 1998)

1906 – Janet Gaynor, American actress (d. 1984)

1908 – Carole Lombard, American actress (d. 1942)

1908 – Sergei Lvovich Sobolev, Russian mathematician (d. 1989)

1910 – Barbara Castle, British politician (d. 2002)

1912 – Perkins Bass, American politician and former Member of the United States House of Representatives from New Hampshire

1914 – Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer (d. 2002)

1914 – Joan Littlewood, British theatre director (d. 2002)

1915 – Alice Timander, Swedish dentist (d. 2007)

1915 – Carolyn Goodman, American psychologist and civil rights activist (d. 2007)

1917 – Fannie Lou Hamer, American civil rights activist (d. 1977)

1918 – Goh Keng Swee, former Deputy Prime Minister of Singapore (d. 2010)

1918 – André Pilette, Belgian racing driver (d. 1993)

1920 – Pietro Consagra, Italian sculptor (d. 2005)

1920 – Lord Donaldson of Lymington, British judge (d. 2005)

1921 – Yevgeniy Landis, Russian mathematician (d. 1997)

1921 – Joseph Lowery, American Civil rights movement leader

1922 – Joe Frazier, American baseball player

1925 – Shana Alexander, American columnist (d. 2005)

1927 – Bill King, American sports broadcaster (d. 2005)

1930 – Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (d. 2000)

1930 – Richie Benaud, Australian cricketer

1931 – Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, Russian astronomer (d. 2004)

1931 – Riccardo Giacconi, Italian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate

1934 – Marhsall Rosenberg, American psychologist and author

1935 – Bruno Sammartino, Italian strongman and professional wrestler

1935 – Charito Solis, Filipino actress (d. 1998)

1938 – Serge Nubret, French bodybuilder

1939 – John LaFalce, American politician, and former Member of the United States House of Representatives from New York

1939 – Jack Cullen, American baseball player

1940 – Ellen Travolta, American actress

1942 – Britt Ekland, Swedish actress

1943 – Michael Durrell, American actor

1943 – Alexander Maxovich Shilov, Russian painter

1944 – Boris Mikhailov, Soviet ice hockey player

1944 – José Carlos Pace, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1977)

1945 – Ivan Graziani, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 1997)

1946 – Eddie Villanueva, JIL Spiritual Director, Owner of ZOE Broadcasting Network

1946 – Lloyd Doggett, American politician and Member of the United States House of Representatives from Texas

1946 – Vinod Khanna, Indian actor

1946 – Tony Greig, South African–born English cricketer

1946 – Millie Small, Jamaican singer

1947 – Patxi Andión, Spanish singer-songwriter

1948 – Gerry Adams, Northern Irish politician

1949 – Nicolas Peyrac, French composer, lyricist and singer

1950 – David Brin, American author

1951 – Manfred Winkelhock, German race car driver (d. 1985)

1951 – Kevin Cronin, American musician (REO Speedwagon)

1952 – Ayten Mutlu, Turkish poet and writer

1952 – Jürgen Schulz, German footballer

1953 – Klaas Bruinsma, Dutch drug lord (d. 1991)

1954 – David Hidalgo, American musician (Los Lobos, Latin Playboys)

1954 – Darrell M. West, American political scientist

1955 – Tony Dungy, American football coach

1956 – Kathleen Webb, American comic book writer and artist

1958 – Joseph Finder, American novelist

1959 – Brian Higgins, American politician, and Member of the United States House of Representatives from New York

1959 – Dennis Ray Boyd, American baseball player

1959 – Walter Ray Williams Jr., American bowler and horseshoes champion

1962 – Rich Yett, baseball player

1963 – Elisabeth Shue, American film actress

1963 – Jsu Garcia, American actor

1964 – Ricky Berry, American basketball player (d. 1989)

1964 – Matthew Sweet, American musician

1964 – Tom Jager, American swimmer

1965 – Rubén Sierra, Puerto Rican baseball player

1965 – Steve Scalise, American politician

1966 – Niall Quinn, Irish footballer

1966 – Jacqueline Obradors, American actress

1967 – Kennet Andersson, former Swedish footballer

1967 – Svend Karlsen, Norwegian strongman

1968 – Bjarne Goldbæk, Danish footballer

1969 – Troy Shaw, English snooker player

1970 – Darren Oliver, American baseball player

1970 – Amy Jo Johnson, American actress and singer

1970 – Shauna MacDonald, Canadian actress

1971 – Phil Bennett, British racing driver

1971 – Lola Dueñas, Spanish actress

1971 – Alan Stubbs, English footballer

1972 – Ko So-young, South Korean actress

1972 – Anders Iwers, Swedish musician

1972 – Ryu Shi-won, South Korean actor and singer

1972 – Mark Schwarzer, Australian footballer

1973 – Sylvain Legwinski, French footballer

1973 – Jeff Davis, American comedian

1973 – Ioan Gruffudd, Welsh actor

1973 – Rebecca Lobo, American basketball player

1974 – Walter Centeno, Costa Rican footballer

1974 – Alexis Georgoulis, Greek actor

1974 – Jeremy Sisto, American actor

1975 – Reon King, West Indian cricketer from Guyana

1976 – Barbie Hsu, Taiwanese actress and singer

1977 – Danny Brière, Canadian ice hockey player

1977 – Melinda Doolittle, American singer and recording artist

1977 – Shimon Gershon, Israeli footballer

1977 – Vladimir Manchev, Bulgarian footballer

1977 – Wes Ramsey, American actor

1978 – Ricky Hatton, English boxer

1979 – David Di Tommaso, French footballer (d. 2005)

1979 – Richard Seymour, American football player

1979 – Lex Shrapnel, English actor

1980 – Abdoulaye Méïté, French footballer

1981 – Zurab Khizanishvili, Georgian footballer

1981 – José Luis Perlaza, Ecuadorian footballer

1982 – Michael Arden, American actor

1982 – Levon Aronian, Armenian chess Grandmaster

1982 – William Butler, Musician and member of Arcade Fire

1982 – MC Lars, American hip-hop artist

1982 – Paul Smith, English boxer

1984 – Joanna Pacitti, American actress and singer

1984 – Morne Morkel, South African cricketer

1985 – Sylvia Fowles, American basketball player

1986 – Tereza Kerndlová, Czech singer

1986 – Mohammad Shukri, Malaysian cricketer

1986 – Olivia Thirlby, American actress

1988 – Maki Horikita, Japanese model and actress

1991 – Roshon Fegan, American actor

1995 – Jessica Lunsford, American kidnapping victim (d. 2005)

1998 – Mia-Sophie Wellenbrink, German actress and singer

Deaths

869 – Ermentrude of Orléans, consort of Charles the Bald (b. 823)

877 – Charles the Bald (b. 823)

1014 – Samuil of Bulgaria (b. 958)

1101 – Bruno of Cologne, German founder of the Carthusian order

1413 – Dawit I of Ethiopia (b. 1382)

1542 – Thomas Wyatt, English poet (b. 1503)

1641 – Matthijs Quast, Dutch explorer

1644 – Elisabeth of Bourbon, consort of Philip IV of Spain (b. 1602)

1660 – Paul Scarron, French writer

1661 – Guru Har Rai, seventh Sikh Guru (b. 1630)

1688 – Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English statesman (b. 1652)

1739 – Françoise Charlotte d'Aubigné, niece of Madame de Maintenon and ancestress of the Heir to the Belgian throne (b. 1684)

1762 – Francesco Manfredini, Italian composer (b. 1684)

1819 – Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia (b. 1751)

1829 – Pierre Derbigny, Governor of Louisiana (b. 1769)

1873 – Paul Edmund Strzelecki, Polish explorer and geologist (b. 1797)

1891 – Charles Stewart Parnell, Irish politician (b. 1846)

1892 – Alfred Lord Tennyson, British poet (b. 1809)

1912 – Auguste Marie François Beernaert, Belgian statesman and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1829)

1945 – Leonardo Conti, Nazi physician (b. 1900)

1947 – Leevi Madetoja, Finnish composer (b. 1887)

1951 – Otto Fritz Meyerhof, German-born physician and biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1884)

1951 – Will Keith Kellogg, American food manufacturer (b. 1860)

1959 – Bernard Berenson, American art historian (b. 1865)

1962 – Tod Browning, American film director (b. 1880)

1968 – Phyllis Nicolson, British mathematician (b. 1917)

1973 – François Cevert, French race car driver (b. 1944)

1973 – Sidney Blackmer, American actor (b. 1895)

1973 – Dennis Price, English actor (b. 1915)

1974 – Helmuth Koinigg, Austrian Formula One driver (b. 1948)

1976 – Gilbert Ryle, British philosopher (b. 1900)

1980 – Hattie Jacques, British comedy actress (b. 1922)

1980 – Jean Robic, French cyclist (b. 1921)

1981 – Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1918)

1983 – Terence Cooke, American cardinal archbishop (b. 1921)

1985 – Nelson Riddle, American bandleader (b. 1921)

1986 – Alexander Kronrod, Russian mathematician (b. 1921)

1989 – Bette Davis, American actress (b. 1908)

1992 – Denholm Elliott, English actor (b. 1922)

1992 – Bill O'Reilly, Australian cricketer (b. 1902)

1993 – Larry Walters, American "lawn chair" pilot (b. 1949)

1995 – Benoît Chamoux, French climber (b. 1961)

1997 – Johnny Vander Meer, American baseball player (b. 1914)

1998 – Mark Belanger, American baseball player (b. 1944)

1999 – Amalia Rodrigues, Portuguese singer and actress (b. 1920)

1999 – Gorilla Monsoon, American professional wrestler/commentator (b. 1937)

2000 – Richard Farnsworth, American actor (b. 1920)

2001 – Arne Harris, American television sports director (b. 1934)

2002 – Claus van Amsberg, German born Prince Consort of the Netherlands (b. 1926)

2004 – Marvin Santiago. Puerto Rican salsa singer (b. 1947)

2006 – Puck Brouwer, Dutch athlete (b. 1930)

2006 – Eduardo Mignogna, Argentinian film director (b. 1940)

2006 – Buck O'Neil, American baseball player (b. 1911)

2006 – Wilson Tucker, American writer (b. 1914)

2007 – Bud Ekins, American stuntman (b. 1930)

2007 – L. M. Singhvi, Indian jurist and writer (b. 1931)

2007 – Babasaheb Bhosale, Indian politician (d. 1921)

2008 – Kim Ji-hoo, South Korean actor and model (b. 1985)

2008 – Peter Cox, Australian politician (b. 1925)

2009 – Douglas Campbell, Scottish born Canadian actor (b. 1922)

2010 – Antonie Kamerling, Dutch actor and singer (b. 1966)

2010 – Colette Renard, French actress and singer (b. 1924)

Holidays and observances

Armed Forces Day (Egypt)

Armed Forces Day (Montenegro)

Christian Feast Day:

*Blessed Marie-Rose Durocher

*Bruno of Cologne

*Faith

*Mary Frances of the Five Wounds of Jesus

*Pardulphus

*Sagar of Laodicea

*October 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

German-American Day (United States)

External links

BBC: On This Day

On This Day in Canada

----

Category:Days of the year Category:October

Name	Eve
Caption	Adam and Eve by Lucas Cranach the Elder shows Eve giving Adam the fruit.
Birth date	3760 BC (Hebrew calendar)4004 BC (Ussher chronology)
Birth place	Garden of Eden
Death date	2820 BC (Hebrew calendar) [aged 940]3064 BC (Ussher chronology)
Death place	Unknown
Spouse	Adam
Children	CainAbelSethmore sons and daughters

Eve (Hebrew: חַוָּה, Ḥawwāh in Classical Hebrew, Modern Israeli Hebrew: "Khavah", Arabic:حواء) was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the first woman and the second person created by God, and an important figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Her husband was Adam, from whose rib God created her to be his companion. She succumbs to the serpent's temptation via the suggestion that to eat the forbidden fruit from the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil would improve on the way God had made her, and that she would not die, and she, believing the Serpent rather than the earlier instruction from God, shares the fruit with Adam. As a result, the first humans are expelled from the Garden of Eden and are cursed.

Name and origin

Bible, Eve (Hebrew: חַוָּה, Ḥawwāh; , Hawwa'; Ge'ez: ሕይዋን Hiywan; "living one" or "source of life", from Hebrew ḥavvâ, "living", "life", from ḥāyâ, "to live"; ultimately from the Semitic root ḥyw) is Adam's wife. Derived from the words chavah, meaning "to breathe" and chayah, meaning "to live", her name occurs only five times in the Bible, where she is called "the mother of all living" (Genesis 3:20), a title previously held by the Babylonian creatrix Tiamat. Historically the name appears to have been derived from that of the Hurrian Goddess "Kheba", who was shown in the Amarna Letters to be worshipped in Jerusalem during the Late Bronze Age. It has been suggested that the name Kheba may derive from Kubau, a woman who reigned as the first "king" of the Third Dynasty of Kish Another name of Asherah in the first millennium BCE was Chawat, Hawwah in Aramaic, (Eve in English). on the Orvieto Cathedral, Italy ]]

Eve is the first woman mentioned in the Bible. Here it was Adam who gave her the name Eve. Eve lived with Adam in the Garden of Eden during the time Adam was described as having walked with God. Eventually, however, with the Fall, the pair were removed from the garden because she was encouraged by a serpent to take a fruit of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil and with the Temptation led Adam to eat of the Forbidden Fruit.

In the Tyndale translation Eve is the name given to the beasts by Adam, his wife is called Heua.

Eve is not a saint's name, but the traditional name day of Adam and Eve, the first man and woman, has been celebrated on December 24 since the Middle Ages in many European countries, e.g. Germany, the Netherlands, Hungary, Scandinavia, Estonia.

by Michelangelo]]

Creation of Eve

Eve was created in the Garden of Eden to be the wife of Adam. God decides that "It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a companion fit for him." and in Genesis 2:21–22 it states

:"And God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof; And the rib, which God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man" After her creation, Adam names his companion Woman, "because she was taken out of Man." "Therefore a man leaves his father and his mother and cleaves to his wife, and they become one flesh."

Eve is also mentioned in the Book of Tobit (viii, 8; Sept., viii, 6) where it is simply affirmed that she was given to Adam for a helper.

An alternate tradition, originating in a Jewish book called The Alphabet of Ben-Sira which entered Europe from the East in the 6th century A.D suggests that Lilith, not Eve, was Adam's first wife, created at the same time and from the same dust. The tradition goes that Lilith, claiming to be created equal, refused to sleep or serve "under him" (Adam). When Adam tried to force her into the "inferior" position, she flew away from Eden into the air, where she copulated with demons, conceiving hundreds more each day. God sent three angels after her, who threatened to kill her brood if she refused to return to Adam. But she did refuse. So God made Eve from Adam's rib to be his "second wife."

Controversy regarding the "rib" continues to the present day, regarding the Sumerian and the original Hebrew words for rib. The common translation, for example, that of the King James Version, is that אַחַת מִצַּלְעֹתָיו means "one of his ribs". The contrary position is that the term צלע ṣelaʿ, occurring forty-one times in the Tanakh, is most often translated as "side" in general.[7]. "Rib" is, however, the etymologically primary meaning of the term, which is from a root ṣ-l-ʿ, "bend", cognate to Assyrian ṣêlu "rib".[8] Also God took "one" ( ʾeḫad) of Adam's ṣelaʿ, suggesting an individual rib. The Septuagint has μίαν τῶν πλευρῶν αὐτοῦ, with ἡ πλευρά choosing a Greek term that like the Hebrew ṣelaʿ may mean either "rib", or, in the plural, "side [of a man or animal]" in general. The specification "one of the πλευρά" thus closely imitates the Hebrew text. The Aramaic form of the word is עלע ʿalaʿ, which appears, also in the meaning "rib", in Daniel 7:5.

An old story of the rib is told by Rabbi Joshua:

:"God deliberated from what member He would create woman, and He reasoned with Himself thus: I must not create her from Adam's head, for she would be a proud person, and hold her head high. If I create her from the eye, then she will wish to pry into all things; if from the ear, she will wish to hear all things; if from the mouth, she will talk much; if from the heart, she will envy people; if from the hand, she will desire to take all things; if from the feet, she will be a gadabout. Therefore I will create her from the member which is hid, that is the rib, which is not even seen when man is naked."[9]

illustration of Eve and the serpent]] Anatomically, men and women have the same number of ribs - 24. When this fact was noted by the Flemish anatomist Vesalius in 1524 it touched off a wave of controversy, as it seemed to contradict Genesis 2:21.

Some hold that the origin of this motif is the Sumerian myth in which the goddess Ninhursag created a beautiful garden full of lush vegetation and fruit trees, called Edinu, in Dilmun, the Sumerian earthly Paradise, a place which the Sumerians believed to exist to the east of their own land, beyond the sea. Ninhursag charged Enki, her lover and husband, with controlling the wild animals and tending the garden, but Enki became curious about the garden and his assistant, Adapa, selected seven plants and offered them to Enki, who ate them. (In other versions of the story he seduced in turn seven generations of the offspring of his divine marriage with Ninhursag). This enraged Ninhursag, and she caused Enki to fall ill. Enki felt pain in his rib, which is a pun in Sumerian, as the word "ti" means both "rib" and "life". The other gods persuaded Ninhursag to relent. Ninhursag then created a new goddess named Ninti, (a name made up of "Nin", or "lady", plus "ti", and which can be translated as both Lady of Living and Lady of the Rib), to cure Enki. Ninhursag is known as mother of all living creatures, and thus holds the same position in the story as does Eve. The story has a clear parallel with Eve's creation from Adam's rib, but given that the pun with rib is present only in Sumerian, linguistic criticism places the Sumerian account as the more ancient.

Temptation, fall, and expulsion from the garden

at the entrance to Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris, France. The portrayal of the image of the serpent as a mirror of Eve was common in earlier iconography as a result of the identification of women as the source of human original sin]] The serpent tells the woman that she will not die if she eats the fruit of the tree: "When you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil." So the woman eats, and gives to the man who also eats. "Then the eyes of both were opened, and they knew that they were naked; and they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves aprons." The man and woman hide themselves from God, the man blaming the woman for giving him the fruit, and the woman blaming the serpent. God curses the serpent, "upon your belly you shall go, and dust you shall eat all the days of your life;" the woman he punishes with childbirth (and the pain therein), and with subordination to man: "your desire shall be for your husband and he shall rule over you;" and Adam he punishes with a life of toil: "In the sweat of your face you shall eat bread till you return to the ground." The man names his wife Eve, "because she was the mother of all living."

"Behold," says God, "the man has become like one of us, knowing good and evil." God expels the couple from Eden, "lest he put forth his hand and take also of the tree of life, and eat, and live for ever;" the gate of Eden is sealed by cherubim and a flaming sword "to guard the way to the tree of life."

Eve as mother of humanity

According to the Bible, for her share in the transgression, Eve (and womankind after her) is sentenced to a life of sorrow and travail in childbirth, and to be under the power of her husband. Early anti-feminists argued that "sex education" for women was a violation of God's curse and should be resisted. While believers accept all subsequent humans have Eve as an ancestor, she is believed to be unique in that although all people after her were physically created from women, Eve herself was created from a man. Adam and Eve have two sons, Cain and Abel, the first a tiller of the ground, the second a keeper of sheep. After the death of Abel, Eve gives birth to a third son, Seth, from which Noah (and thus the whole of modern humanity) is descended. According to the Bible, Eve states "God hath given me [literally, "put" or "appointed"] another seed, for Abel whom Cain slew" (Genesis 4:25).

Eve in other traditions

Eve in Judaism

Even in ancient times, the presence of two distinct accounts was noted, and regarded with some curiosity. The first account says male and female [God] created them (Genesis 1:27), which has been assumed by critical scholars to imply simultaneous creation, whereas the second account states that God created Eve from Adam's rib because Adam was lonely (Genesis 2:18 ff.). Thus to resolve this apparent discrepancy, mediaeval rabbis suggested that Eve and the woman of the first account were two separate individuals.

Preserved in the Midrash, and the mediaeval Alphabet of Ben Sira, this rabbinic tradition held that the first woman refused to take the submissive position to Adam in sex, and eventually fled from him, consequently leaving him lonely. This first woman was identified in the Midrash as Lilith, a figure elsewhere described as a night demon.

The word liyliyth can also mean "screech owl", as it is translated in the King James Version of Isaiah 34:14, although some scholars take this to be a reference to the same demonic entity as mentioned in the Talmud.

In the Talmud, Adam is said to have separated from Eve for 130 years, during which time his ejaculations gave rise to "ghouls, and demons." Elsewhere in the Talmud, Lilith is identified as the mother of these creatures. The demons were said to prey on newborn males before they had been circumcised, and so a tradition arose in which a protective amulet was placed around the neck of newborns. Traditions in the Midrash concerning Lilith, and her sexual appetite, have been compared to Sumerian mythology concerning the demon ki-sikil-lil-la-ke, by scholars who postulate an intermediate Akkadian folk etymology interpreting the lil-la-ke portion of the name as a corruption of lîlîtu, literally meaning female night demon.

The Alphabet of Ben Sira Midrash goes even further and identifies a third wife, created after Lilith deserted Adam, but before Eve. This unnamed wife was purportedly made in the same way as Adam, from the "dust of the earth", but the sight of her being created proved too much for Adam to take and he refused to go near her. It is also said that she was created from nothing at all, and that God created into being a skeleton, then organs, and then flesh. The Midrash tells that Adam saw her as "full of blood and secretions," suggesting that he witnessed her creation and was horrified at seeing a body from the inside out. Ben Sira does not record this wife's fate. She was never named, and it assumed that she was allowed to leave the Garden a perpetual virgin, or was ultimately destroyed by God in favor of Eve, who was created when Adam was asleep and oblivious. It should be noted here, that both Lilith and the Second Wife are free from any curse of the Tree of Knowledge, as they left long before the event occurred.

Genesis does not tell for how long Adam and Eve were in the Garden of Eden, but the Book of Jubilees states that they were removed from the garden on the new moon of the fourth month of the 8th year after creation (Jubilees 3:33); other Jewish sources assert that it was less than a day. Shortly after their expulsion, Eve brought forth her first-born child, and thereafter their second — Cain and Abel, respectively.

Another Jewish tradition---also used to explain "male and female He created them" line, is that God originally created Adam as a hermaphrodite[Midrash Rabbah - Genesis VIII:1], and in this way was bodily and spiritually male and female. He later decided that "it is not good for [Adam] to be alone," and created the separate beings of Adam and Eve, thus creating the idea of two people joining together to achieve a union of the two separate spirits.

Only three of Adam's children (Cain, Abel, and Seth) are explicitly named in Genesis, although it does state that there were other sons and daughters as well (Genesis 5:4). In Jubilees, two daughters are named - Azûrâ being the first, and Awân, who was born after Seth, Cain, Abel, nine other sons, and Azûrâ. Jubilees goes on to state that Cain later married Awân and Seth married Azûrâ, thus, accounting for their descendants. However, according to Genesis Rabba and other later sources, either Cain had a twin sister, and Abel had two twin sisters, or Cain had a twin sister named Lebuda, and Abel a twin sister named Qelimath. In the Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan, Cain's twin sister is named Luluwa, and Abel's twin sister is named Aklia.

Other pseudepigrapha give further details of their life outside of Eden, in particular, the Life of Adam and Eve (also known as the Apocalypse of Moses) consists entirely of a description of their life outside Eden. Generally in Judaism Eve's sin was used as an example of what can happen to women who stray from their childbearing duties.

According to traditional Jewish belief, Eve is buried in the Cave of Machpelah, in Hebron.

Eve in Christianity

In Christian tradition Eve is often used as the exemplar of sexual temptation, a tendency not found in Judaism where Lilith plays that role. Furthermore, the serpent that tempted Eve was interpreted within most Christian traditions to have been Satan, although there is no mention of this identification in the Torah. In fact, Genesis does not even hint at any of these readings, although it is found in some of the Jewish apocrypha but their adoption by many Christians has marked the religion's radical break from its Judaic parent. Writings dealing with this subject are extant in Greek, Latin, Slavonic, Syriac, Armenian and Arabic. They go back undoubtedly to a Jewish basis, but in some of the forms in which they appear at present they are Christianized throughout. The oldest and for the most part Jewish portion of this literature is said Primary Adam Literature (see Life of Adam and Eve). Before we discuss this Primary Adam Literature we shall mention other members of this literature, which, though derivable ultimately from Jewish sources, are Christian in their present form; The Book of Adam and Eve, also called the Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan and a Syriac work entitled Cave of Treasures. This work has close affinities to the Conflict, but is said by Dillmann to be more original.

Drawing upon the statement in II Cor., xi, 3, where reference is made to her seduction by the serpent, and in I Tim., ii, 13, where the Apostle enjoins submission and silence upon women, arguing that "Adam was first formed; then Eve. And Adam was not seduced, but the woman being seduced, was in the transgression", because Eve had tempted Adam to eat of the fatal fruit, some early Fathers of the Church held her and all subsequent women to be the first sinners, and especially responsible for the Fall because of the sin of Eve. She was also called "the lance of the demon", "the road of iniquity" "the sting of the scorpion", "a daughter of falsehood, the sentinel of Hell", "the enemy of peace" and "of the wild beast, the most dangerous." "You are the devil's gateway," Tertullian told his female listeners in the early 2nd century, and went on to explain that all women were responsible for the death of Christ: "On account of your desert _ that is, death - even the Son of God had to die." In this way Eve is equated with the Greco-Roman myth of Pandora who was responsible for bringing evil into the world.

Saint Augustine, according to Elaine Pagels, used the sin of Eve to justify his idiosyncratic view of humanity as permanently scarred by the Fall, which led to the Catholic doctrine of Original sin.

In 1486 the Renaissance Dominicans Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger took this further as one of their justifications in the Malleus Maleficarum ("Hammer of the Witches") a central text in three centuries of persecution of "witches". Such "Eve bashing" is much more common in Christianity than in Judaism or Islam, though major differences in women status does not seem to have been the result. This is often balanced by the typology of the Madonna, much as "Old Adam" is balanced by Christ - this is even the case in the "Mallus" whose authors were capable of writings things such as "Justly we may say with Cato of Utica: If the world could be rid of women, we should not be without God in our intercourse. For truly, without the wickedness of women, to say nothing of witchcraft, the world would still remain proof against innumerable dangers" but were perhaps aware that (tragically) a large percentage of those accusing witches were female as well, and feared losing their support: "There are also others who bring forward yet other reasons, of which preachers should be very careful how they make use. For it is true that in the Old Testament the Scriptures have much that is evil to say about women, and this because of the first temptress, Eve, and her imitators; yet afterwards in the New Testament we find a change of name, as from Eva to Ave (as S. Jerome says), and the whole sin of Eve taken away by the benediction of Mary. Therefore preachers should always say as much praise of them as possible." It is interesting to note that in pre - industrial times, misogynic authorities were often (such as in "The Romance of the Rose" feminist debate) just called "The Roman Books", due to the perceived paternalistic attitude of both Pagan & Christian Romans to gender problems. Another example often given of this, Gregory of Tours report of how, in the 585CE Council of Macon, attended by 43 bishops that one bishop maintained that woman could not be included under the term "man", and as being responsible for Adam's sin, had a deficient soul. However, he accepted the reasoning of the other bishops and did not press his case for the holy book of the Old Testament tells us that in the beginning, when God created man, "Male and female he created them and called their name Adam," which means earthly man; even so, he called the woman Eve, yet of both he used the word "man."

Eve in Christian Art is most usually portrayed as the temptress of Adam, and often during the Renaissance the serpent in the Garden is portrayed as having a woman's face identical to that of Eve.

Some Christians claim monogamy is implied in the story of Adam and Eve as one woman is created for one man. Eve's being taken from his side implies not only her secondary role in the conjugal state (1 Corinthians 11:9), but also emphasizes the intimate union between husband and wife, and the dependence of the latter on the former "Wherefore a man shall leave father and mother, and shall cleave to his wife: and they shall be two in one flesh."

Eve is commemorated as a matriarch in the Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church - Missouri Synod with Adam on December 19.

Eve in Gnosticism

Eve too has different roles within Gnosticism. For example she is often seen as the embodiment of the supreme feminine principle, called Barbelo (from Arb-Eloh), barbeloth, or barthenos. As such she is equated with the Light-Maiden of Sophia (Wisdom), creator of the word (Logos) of God, the "thygater tou photos" or simply the Virgin Maiden, "parthenos". In other texts she is equated with Zoe (Life). Again, in conventional Christianity, this is a prefigurement of Mary, also sometimes called "the Second Eve". In other Gnostic texts, such as The Hypostasis of the Archons (The Reality of the Rulers), the Pistis Sophia is equated with Eve's daughter, Norea, the wife of Seth.

As a result of such Gnostic beliefs, especially among Marcionites, women were considered equal to men, being revered as prophets, teachers, travelling evangelists, faith healers, priests and even bishops.

Eve in Islam

library, Istanbul.]] Eve is not mentioned by name in the Qur'an, she is nevertheless referred to as Adam's spouse, and Islamic tradition refers to her by an etymologically similar name - حواء (). Mention of Adam's spouse is found in verses 30-39 of Sura 2, verses 11-25 of Sura 7, verses 26-42 of Sura 15, verses 61-65 of Sura 17, verses 50-51 of Sura 18, verses 110-124 of Sura 20 and in verses 71-85 of Sura 38.

In particular, Sura 7 recounts:

(Al-A`raf 7:22-23)

Islamic texts, which include Quran and the books of Sunnah (Hadith), differ from the Biblical story of Adam and Eve. The Qur'an, contrary to the Bible, places equal blame on both Adam and Eve for their mistake. The Qur'an does not say that Eve tempted Adam to eat from the tree or even that she had eaten before him. In the book it states both Adam and Eve committed a sin and then asked God for forgiveness and He forgave them both. Original Sin is not generally considered to exist in Islam.

Traditionally, the final resting place of Eve is said to be the "Tomb of Eve" in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Eve in modern times

On the basis of Eve's transgression, in the late sixteenth century a young scholar, Valentius Acidalius, who was working as a teacher in Silesia, published a pamphlet later republished at Lyons in France in 1647 in Italian, That was entitled Women do not have a soul and do not belong to the human race, as is shown by many passages of Holy Scripture. This belief was taken up by Johannes Leyser, a Lutheran pastor from the region of Frankfurt in 1675, who linked the story to a misreading of the results of the Council of Macon. Pierre Bayle, a Dutch Calvinist with a marked distaste for the Catholicism to which he had once adhered, spread Leyer's belief further by writing in his Dictionnaire: "What I think yet more strange is to find that in a Council it has been gravely proposed as a question whether women were human creatures, and that it was determined affirmatively [only] after a long debate."

An alternative view was given by Matilda Joslyn Gage who in Woman, Church and State: A Historical Account of the Status of Woman Through the Christian Ages with Reminiscences of the Matriarchate (1893, reprinted by Arno Press Inc, 1972), who showed that in book printed in Amsterdam, 1700, in a series of eleven reasons, threw the greater culpability upon Adam, saying of Eve (pages 522–523):

First: The serpent tempted her before she thought of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, and suffered herself to be persuaded that not well understood his meaning.

Second: That believing that God had not given such prohibition she ate the fruit.

Third: Sinning through ignorance she committed a less heinous crime than Adam.

Fourth: That Eve did not necessarily mean the penalty of eternal death, for God's decree only imported that man should die if he sinned against his conscience.

Fifth: That God might have inflicted death on Eve without injustice, yet he resolved, so great is his mercy toward his works, to let her live, in (that) she had not sinned maliciously.

Sixth: That being exempted from the punishment contained in God's decree, she might retain all the prerogatives of her sex except those that were not incidental with the infirmities to which God condemned her.

Seventh: That she retained in particulars the prerogative of bringing forth children who had a right to eternal happiness on condition of obeying the new Adam.

Eighth: That as mankind was to proceed from Adam and Eve, Adam was preserved alive only because his preservation was necessary for the procreation of children.

Ninth: That it was by accident therefore, that the sentence of death was not executed on him, but that otherwise he was more (justly) punished than his wife.

Tenth: That she was not driven out from Paradise as he was, but was only obliged to leave it to find out Adam in the earth; and that it was full privilege of returning thither again.

Eleventh: That the children of Adam and Eve were subject to eternal damnation, not a proceeding from Eve, but as proceeding from Adam."

Early feminist theologian Katharine Bushnell writes that Eve was deceived by the Serpent and therefore sinned in ignorance. She confesses her sin and God does not banish her from Eden. Adam, however, sinned in full knowledge and does not repent, and is therefore assigned the blame.
 
Pamela Norris in her book "Eve: A Biography" argues that throughout history the story of Eve "was developed to manipulate and control women." Bryce Christiansen, commenting upon Norris's work shows how "The effort to demystify Eve requires a context that sharply contrasts her subordination to Adam with the awesome power of female deities prominent in Babylonian and Canaanite myths. Norris exposes the various ways in which the Genesis account of Eve's transgression has justified centuries of scapegoating women". Norris also reports upon the snaky Lamias and Liliths who haunted nineteenth-century painting and literature, suggesting that centuries of disobedient women have been linked with Eve, the original bad girl, providing ample ammunition for male fears and fantasies.
 
Elaine Pagels in her book "Adam, Eve and the Serpent" shows how the disgust felt by early Christians for the flesh was a radical departure from both pagan and Jewish sexual attitudes. In fact, as she demonstrates, the ascetic movement in Christianity met with great resistance in the first four centuries. Sex only became fully tainted, inextricably linked to sin through the work of Tertullian and Augustine, attacking Gnosticism while adopting certain of their attitudes.
 
Modern feminists have tended to examine the story of Eve as the source of patriarchal misogyny in Christianity. Genesis 2-3 is more often cited than any other biblical text justifying the suppression of women and proof of their inferiority to men. Others like Phyllis Trible, have contested that it is a certain kind of interpretation of Genesis 2-3 that is the source of the problem. Trible, for instance, argues that before the fall, there is an amazing equality between Adam and Eve. Before the creation of Eve, she argues, 'ādām or human, is created from the 'ădāmāh or humus, and although a male pronoun is used for this creature Trible argues that it was androgynous, not yet sexually differentiated. This interpretation is not original, it in fact goes back through Rashi, the 10th century Jewish interpreter, and ultimately back to Plato.
 
Trible also argues that Eve is the crown of creation rather than an afterthought. She further argues that the word 'ēzer, meaning "helper" is not to signify a subordinate position to man as it is also most often used describe God and is thus a superior rather than an inferior being. In the story of the garden, Eve is also autonomous and independent while Adam is surprisingly passive.
 
Mieke Bal, while less positive than Trible, nevertheless argues that Eve taking of the fruit is the first act of human independence, and by gaining knowledge of good and evil, she achieves a position of greater equality with the divinity, rather than remaining a puppet of God.
 
Robert McElvaine argues that the story of Adam and Eve can be linked to the gender dynamics associated with the rise of Patriarchy in the ancient world. The Garden of Eden he claims is a mythical reference to hunting and gathering societies in which people lived in nature, not doing much work. With eating of the tree of Knowledge, first women, and then men took conscious control over the food supply, and now had to take care and be answerable for any ecological problems this brought. The parallel between Adam cursing Eve is paralleled in the Cain and Abel story, according to McElwaine, as "real men don't fool about with plants". Through associating male semen metaphorically with seed 'man became the Godlike creator of life and women from their Goddess-like creators [transformed] into ...dirt ...In Genesis the soil has no creative power" (p. 128). Projecting this into the sacred world, the belief that through planting seed in the Earth men had procreative power, just as with planting semen in the womb he had the same. As a result, it was argued, the Supreme God must also been male and men are closer to God than women. The hierarchy that emerged was

::God - over ::Men - over ::Women - over ::the Earth.

Thus according to McElvaine, men can be the sons of God, but all women are the daughters of men.

See also

Mitochondrial Eve

Eve Grave

Pre-Adamite

Footnotes

References

Primary sources

Genesis ii.7-iii.23

Paulinus Minorita, Compendium

Secondary sources

Flood, John (2010) "Representations of Eve in Antiquity and the English Middle Ages" (Routledge)

Pamela Norris (1998) "The Story of Eve" (MacMillan Books)

Elaine Pagels (1989) "Adam, Eve and the Serpent" (Vintage Books)

Category:Adam and Eve Category:Burials in Hebron Category:Hebrew Bible people Category:Old Testament female saints

Name	Luis Miguel
Alias	El Sol, "Luismi", El Rey
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Luis Miguel Gallego Basteri
Born	April 19, 1970San Juan, Puerto Rico
Origin	Mexico
Instrument	Vocal, piano
Genre	Latin pop, pop music, bolero, mariachi
Occupation	Singer, songwriter, record producer
Years active	1981–present
Label	EMI LatinWarner Music
Url	Official website
Associated acts	Frank SinatraArmando ManzaneroManuel AlejandroSheena Easton}}

Luis Miguel Gallego Basteri (born on April 19, 1970) is a Mexican singer. He is widely known only by the name Luis Miguel. He is often referred to as "El Sol de México" (The Sun of Mexico) or simply "El Sol" (The Sun). Beginning his musical career in his childhood, Luis Miguel has won four Latin Grammy Awards and five Grammy Awards.

At the age of fifteen, Luis Miguel received a Grammy Award for his duet "Me Gustas Tal Como Eres" (I Like You Just The Way You Are) with Sheena Easton. His mother disappeared mysteriously when he was a teenager and his father died in 1992. Two years later, he started touring Latin American countries including Colombia, Venezuela, Chile and Argentina.

In 1985, at age of 15, he took part at the Sanremo Music Festival, where he won the second place award with his song "Noi Ragazzi Di Oggi".

In 1991, Luis Miguel's career went to even greater heights and earned him the respect of a wider audience with the release of Romance, an album of romantic boleros, most of them from the 1940s and 1950s. He has been credited with reinventing the bolero for modern audiences. The album Romance, which became his most successful material ever eventually sold 15 million units worldwide.

In 1996, Luis became one of the first Latin musical artists to receive a star in the Hollywood Walk of Fame. He launched his Mexico En La Piel Tour in 2005. In 2006, Luis Miguel performed thirty sold out shows between January 18 and February 27 at the National Auditorium in Mexico City. The album released two singles "Santa Claus Llegó A La Ciudad" ("Santa Claus Is Coming to Town"), and "Mi Humilde Oración" ("My Grown-up Christmas List").

On May 6, 2008, Luis Miguel released Cómplices, produced by him and written by Spanish composer Manuel Alejandro. It sold almost 350,000 copies in the first 24 hours. The first single, "Si Tú Te Atreves" was released on April 7, 2008, the second single of the album was "Te Desean". His Complices Tour began in Seattle, Washington on September 3, 2008.

Luis Miguel released his new self-titled studio album on September 14, 2010. Its first single "Labios de Miel" is a smooth Latin pop song. His new world tour started the 4th of November in the city of Lima, Peru and will go through the United States, South America, Mexico and Spain among other countries.

Cultural impact

Luis Miguel is considered as one of the top male pop singers worldwide today. In a career that has spanned over twenty-five years, he has become the main singer from Latin America, having performed successfully pop music, bolero, mariachi and romantic ballads. In the late 1980s, Luis Miguel made the transition from child star to consolidated international singer, and since then, he became one of the most revered and popular Latin American artists ever. His wide vocal range and performance has been praised by critics and other artists all over the world.

Frank Sinatra invited Luis Miguel to participate on a duet in the album Duets II. Luis Miguel has been dubbed several times by the press and the media as the "Latin Frank Sinatra". Luis Miguel became the first Latin artist to receive a star in the Hollywood Walk of Fame (1996). His music has reached to non-Spanish speaking continents such as Asia and Africa. The press stated that at the time of his capture, the dictator Saddam Hussein, had the album Segundo Romance, among his belongings.

Luis Miguel rarely grants interviews or attends award ceremonies. He is always escorted by a tight security team and he is transported in several trucks to distract paparazzis and reporters. Due to his secrecy he has become one of the most pursued Latin American artist.

Personal life

Luis Miguel refuses to speak to the media about his personal life and keeps the matter private. He is recognized for his taste of high cuisine and for being a self-taught sommelier. He released his own vintage of wine, "Unico. Luis Miguel", a Cabernet Sauvignon. He is a native Spanish speaker and also speaks fluent English, Italian and Portuguese.

In April 2010, he was briefly hospitalized at the Cedars-Sinai Hospital in Los Angeles. The cause of the hospitalization was not disclosed.

Awards and recognitions

In 1984, received a Grammy Award for being the Best Mexican American for his duet "Me Gustas Tal Como Eres" (I Like You Just The Way You Are) with Sheena Easton.

Tours

(1990–1991) Gira 20 Años

(1991–1992)

(1993–1994) Aries Tour

(1994–1995) Segundo Romance Tour

(1995) El Concierto Tour

(1996) America Tour

(1997–1998) Romances Tour

(1999–2000) Amarte Es Un Placer Tour

(2002) Mis Romances Tour

(2003–2004) 33 Tour

(2005–2007) Mexico En La Piel Tour

(2008–2009) Complices Tour

(2010–2011) Luis Miguel Tour

References

External links

Official Site

Mundo Luis Miguel

Category:1970 births Category:1980s singers Category:1990s singers Category:2000s singers Category:2010s singers Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Latin Grammy Award winners Category:Latin pop singers Category:Naturalized citizens of Mexico Category:Mexican people of Spanish descent Category:Mexican people of Italian descent Category:Living people Category:Mexican child actors Category:Mexican film actors Category:Mexican male singers Category:Spanish-language singers Category:Mexican expatriates in the United States Category:Italian-language singers

Playername	Ryan Giggs
Fullname	Ryan Joseph Giggs
Dateofbirth	November 29, 1973
Cityofbirth	Canton, Cardiff
Countryofbirth	Wales
Height
Position	Midfielder
Currentclub	Manchester United
Clubnumber	11
Youthyears1	1985–1987 |youthclubs1 = Manchester City
Youthyears2	1987–1990 |youthclubs2 = Manchester United
Years1	1990– |clubs1 = Manchester United |caps1 = 599 |goals1 = 109
Nationalyears1	1989 |nationalteam1 = England U16 |nationalcaps1 = |nationalgoals1 =
Nationalyears2	1990 |nationalteam2 = Wales U21 |nationalcaps2 = 1 |nationalgoals2 = 0
Nationalyears3	1991–2007 |nationalteam3 = Wales |nationalcaps3 = 64 |nationalgoals3 = 12
Pcupdate	22:13, 4 January 2011 (UTC)

Ryan Joseph Giggs OBE (born 29 November 1973, Canton, Cardiff) is a Welsh footballer who has played for Manchester United for his entire professional career. He established himself as a left-winger during the 1990s and continued in this position well into the 2000s, but has been increasingly used in a deeper playmaking role in his later years.

Giggs is the most decorated player in English football history. On 16 May 2009, he became the first footballer to collect 11 top division English league title medals. Giggs was the first player in history to win two consecutive PFA Young Player of the Year awards (1992 and 1993) and is the only player to have played and scored in every season of the Premier League.

Giggs has had a long-lasting domestic and continental career and is the first player in UEFA Champions League history to have scored in 11 successive seasons, on top of being elected into the PFA Team of the Century in 2007, the Premier League Team of the Decade, in 2003, as well as the FA Cup Team of the Century.

He is also the only United player to have played in all 11 Premier League winning teams and the first three League Cup-winning teams. At the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final, held on 21 May 2008, Giggs surpassed Sir Bobby Charlton's record of 758 appearances for Manchester United to become the club's all-time leader in appearances. At international level, Giggs played for the Welsh national team prior to his retirement from international football on 2 June 2007, and was once the youngest player to ever represent his country.

In addition to the many honours Giggs has received within football such as being named in the Football League 100 Legends (the last active player in the list), he was appointed an OBE in the Queen's 2007 Birthday Honours List, and was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2005, for his services to English Football. He was named as BBC Sports Personality of the Year in 2009.

Early years

Born as Ryan Joseph Wilson (he later adopted his mother's maiden name as his professional surname) at St David's Hospital in Canton, Cardiff, to Danny Wilson, a rugby union player for Cardiff RFC, and Lynne Giggs (now Lynne Johnson), as a child Giggs grew up in Ely, a suburb of western Cardiff. His younger brother Rhodri manages non-league Salford City.

He spent much time with his mother's parents and playing football on the roads outside their house in Pentrebane. In 1980, when Giggs was six years old, his father switched rugby codes and signed for Swinton RLFC, forcing the whole family to move north to Swinton, a town in Salford, Greater Manchester. The move was a traumatic one, as Giggs was very close to his grandparents in Cardiff, but he would often return there with his family at weekends or on school holidays. Giggs is mixed race – his paternal grandfather is from Sierra Leone and has spoken of the racism he faced as a child.

After moving to Salford, Giggs appeared for the local team, Deans FC, who were coached by Manchester City scout Dennis Schofield. His first game for Deans ended in a 9–0 defeat to Stretford Vics but, nevertheless, many people commented that Giggs had been the best player on the pitch that day. Schofield recommended Giggs to Manchester City, and he was signed up to their School of Excellence. Meanwhile, Giggs continued to play for Salford Boys, who went on to reach the final of the Granada Schools Cup competition at Anfield in 1987. Giggs captained the Salford team to victory over their Blackburn counterparts, and the trophy was presented to him by Liverpool chief scout Ron Yeats. Yeats was impressed by Giggs's performance, and would have recommended him to Liverpool manager Kenny Dalglish, had Giggs not already been picked up by Manchester United.

While playing for Deans, Giggs was observed regularly by local newsagent and Old Trafford steward Harold Wood who regularly recommended the young man to senior staff at Manchester United to no avail. Wood spoke personally to Alex Ferguson who sent a scout who was impressed enough for United to offer Giggs a trial over the 1986 Christmas period. Giggs played in a match for Salford Boys against a United Under-15s side at The Cliff and scored a hat trick, with Ferguson watching from his office window. On 29 November 1987 (his 14th birthday), Ferguson turned up at Giggs's house with United scout Joe Brown and offered him two years on associate schoolboy forms. They offered to waive YTS forms, and persuaded Giggs to sign by offering the opportunity to turn professional in three years. Giggs signed there and then for a record non-professional transfer fee of £350,000, which is still the highest ever. Using the name Ryan Wilson, Giggs captained England at schoolboy level, playing at Wembley Stadium against Germany in 1989. He changed his surname at the age of 16, when his mother remarried. His parents had separated two years earlier.

Manchester United first team

Giggs made his first appearance for the club during the 1990–91 season and has been a regular player since the 1991–92 season. He holds the club record for competitive appearances, and the club record for team trophies won by a player (23).

Since 1992, he has collected 11 Premier League winner's medals, four FA Cup winner's medals, three League Cup winner's medals and two Champions League winner's medals. He has runner-up medals from the Champions League, three FA Cup finals and two League Cup finals, as well as being part of four United teams to have finished second in the league. In recent years, Giggs has captained the team on numerous occasions, particularly in the 2007–08 season when regular captain Gary Neville was ruled out with various injuries. Giggs is the only player to play every season of the Premier league for one club and score in every season of the Premier League for any club.

Debut and breakthrough season

Giggs turned professional on 29 November 1990 (his 17th birthday), by which time he was described by various sources to be the finest prospect in English football since George Best in the 1960s. At this time, United had recently won the FA Cup – their first major trophy since the appointment of Alex Ferguson as manager in November 1986. After two precarious seasons in the league where they had finished mid table, they were finally starting to threaten the dominance of Liverpool and Arsenal, though they only managed to finish sixth that season. Ferguson's quest for a successful left winger had not been an easy one since the departure of Jesper Olsen two years earlier. First he had signed Ralph Milne, but the player was not a success at United and lasted just one season in the first team before Ferguson secured the Southampton winger Danny Wallace in September 1989. Wallace had failed to repeat the performances that had made him one of the highest rated flanksmen in his days on the South Coast, and by the time Giggs turned professional Wallace was battling with 19-year-old Lee Sharpe for the role of first choice left winger.

Giggs made his League debut against Everton at Old Trafford on 2 March 1991, as a substitute for the injured full-back Denis Irwin in a 2–0 defeat. In his first full start, Giggs was credited with his first ever goal in a 1–0 win in the Manchester derby on 4 May 1991, though it appeared to be a Colin Hendry own goal. However, he was not included in the squad of 16 that defeated Barcelona in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup final 11 days later. Lee Sharpe, who had now won the race to displace Danny Wallace as United's regular left winger, took to the field as United's left winger, while Wallace was selected as a substitute. He became a first-team regular early in the 1991–92 season, yet remained active with the youth system and captained the team, made up of many of "Fergie's Fledglings", to an FA Youth Cup triumph in 1992.

Giggs broke into the first team even though he was still aged only 17, a mark of his skill and maturity, and paved the way as the first of many Manchester United youth players to rise into the first team under Ferguson. As the youngest member of the United first team squad, Giggs looked to the older players such as Bryan Robson for advice. Robson recommended that Giggs sign up with Harry Swales, the agent that he himself had inherited from Kevin Keegan.

That season, Giggs played in the team that finished as runners-up to Leeds United in the final year of the old First Division before the advent of the Premier League. United had led the table for much of the season before a run of dismal results in April saw them overtaken by the West Yorkshire side. Giggs collected his first piece of silverware on 12 April 1992 as United defeated Nottingham Forest in the League Cup Final, after Giggs had set up Brian McClair to score the only goal of the game. At the end of the season, he was voted PFA Young Player of the Year – the award which had been credited to his colleague Lee Sharpe a year earlier.

Early career

By the start of the 1992–93 season, the first season of the newly formed Premier League, Giggs was firmly established as United's first choice left winger, and became known as one of British football's most prodigious young players, where Giggs was also hailed as the more prodigious half of English football's two best emerging young wingers, alongside Steve McManaman, who were notable for being a throwback to the Stanley Matthews era of the 1950s' wingers, and for their ability to "embarrass defences with their mazy runs, which too often lack the finishing touch they deserve". Giggs, as the leader of this new revival of pacy and stylish football after the traditional years of long ball and route one styles of previous decades, played a key role in reshaping English football, and helped United to its first top division title win for 26 years, though they didn't go top until after Christmas and fought off competition from big spending Aston Villa and Blackburn Rovers as well as surprise title contenders Norwich City.

His emergence and the arrival of Eric Cantona heralded the dominance of United in the new league. His manager was very protective of him, refusing to allow Giggs to be interviewed until he turned 20, eventually granting the first interview to the BBC's Des Lynam for Match of the Day in the 1993–94 season. This was the season when United won the double and Giggs was one of their key players alongside the likes of Eric Cantona, Paul Ince and Mark Hughes. Lee Sharpe, the player Giggs had ousted on the left wing a couple of years earlier, was now vying with Andrei Kanchelskis for the right wing position – with both players having key parts in the club's success. They topped the table from the fourth game in late August and were not overtaken all season. Giggs also played for United in the Football League Cup final, where they lost 3–1 to Aston Villa, ending their hopes of a unique domestic treble.

Off the pitch, newspapers claimed Giggs had "single-handedly revolutionised football's image" when he appeared as teenager "with pace to burn, a bramble patch of black hair bouncing around his puppy popstar face, and a dazzling, gluey relationship between his impossibly fleet left foot and a football." As a result of this, he was afforded many opportunities not normally offered to footballers at his young age, such as hosting his own television show, Ryan Giggs' Soccer Skills, which aired in 1994, and also had a book based on the series. Giggs was part of the Premier League's attempt to market itself globally, re-forging its image after the hooliganism-blighted years of the 1980s and he featured on countless football and lad mag covers, becoming a household name, and fuelling the era where footballers started to become celebrity idols on a par with pop stars, in and around the mid to late 1990s. Despite his aversion to attention, Giggs also became a teenage pin-up and was once described as the "Premiership's First Poster Boy", and the "boy wonder", arguably the original footballer who catapulted the term into the public lexicon. He was hailed as the first football star to capture the public imagination in a way unseen since the days of George Best; the irony was that Best and Bobby Charlton used to describe Giggs as their favourite young player, turning up at The Cliff training ground just to watch him, where Best once quipped, "One day they might even say that I was another Ryan Giggs."

In 1997–98, United were pipped to the Premier League title by Arsenal, following a dismal run of form in March and early April, leaving them without a trophy for only the second time since 1989. The following season, Giggs missed a lot of games through injury, but when he was fit his form was consistently excellent and he played in both of United's cup finals that season. Memorable moments were his extra-time goal in the FA Cup semi-final against arch-rivals Arsenal to give United a 2–1 win, and his 90th minute equaliser in the home leg of the UEFA Champions League semi-final against Juventus, a 1–1 draw which was followed two weeks later by a 3–2 win in Turin where United came from two goals behind.

The highpoint in the 1998–99 season was when Giggs set up the equalising goal scored by Teddy Sheringham in the 1999 UEFA Champions League Final that set United on their way to the Treble. Striker Ole Gunnar Solskjaer scored the winning goal with the last kick of the game two minutes later. Giggs was also the Man of the Match as United beat Palmeiras to claim the Intercontinental Cup later that year.

2000–2005

Giggs became United's longest serving player when Denis Irwin left in May 2002, and he became a pivotal part of the club, despite still being in his twenties. Giggs continued to excel in the four years that followed the Treble triumph of 1999. United were Premier League champions in three of the four seasons following the treble, as well as reaching the UEFA Champions League quarter-finals three times and the semi-finals once. He celebrated his 10-year anniversary at Old Trafford with a testimonial match against Celtic at the start of the 2001–02 campaign. However, this was one of the most disappointing seasons United had endured since Giggs made his debut for them, as a dismal run of form in early winter ultimately cost them the league title and they were surprisingly knocked out of the Champions League on away goals in the semi finals by German underdogs Bayer Leverkusen. A year later, in the autumn of 2002, he bagged his 100th career goal in a draw with Chelsea at Stamford Bridge.

He played in his fourth FA Cup triumph on 22 May 2004, making him one of only two players (the other being Roy Keane) to have won the trophy four times while playing for Manchester United. He has also finished with a runners-up medal three times (1995, 2005 and 2007). His participation in the victory over Liverpool in September 2004 made him the third player to play 600 games for United, alongside Sir Bobby Charlton and Bill Foulkes. He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2005 in recognition of his contribution to the English game.

Since 2006

After that season, Giggs signed a two-year contract extension with United when chief executive David Gill relented on his normal policy of not signing players over 30 to contracts longer than one year. He has subsequently signed three further one-year contact extensions, to keep him at Old Trafford until at least June 2011, when he will be 37. Giggs benefited from being largely injury-free aside from a series of hamstring problems.

On 6 May 2007, with Chelsea only able to manage a 1–1 draw with London rivals Arsenal, Manchester United became the champions of England. In doing so, Giggs set a new record of nine league titles, beating the previous record of eight he shared with Alan Hansen and Phil Neal (who won all of their titles with Liverpool). Giggs played a starring role in United's 2007 Charity Shield victory after netting in the first half to bring the game to a 1–1 draw, which led to penalty triumph for the Red Devils after keeper Edwin van der Sar saved all of Chelsea's first three penalties.

In the 2007–08 season, Alex Ferguson adopted a rotation system between Giggs and newcomers Nani and Anderson. Nevertheless, Giggs remained the favoured choice for the anticipated clash with Chelsea at Old Trafford and put in a cross with the outside of his boot for Carlos Tévez to score his first United goal.

in February 2008]] Giggs scored his 100th league goal for United against Derby County on 8 December 2007, which United won 4–1. More landmarks have been achieved: on 20 February 2008 he made his 100th appearance in the UEFA Champions League in a game against Lyon and on 11 May 2008 he came on as a substitute for Park Ji-Sung to equal Sir Bobby Charlton's record of 758 appearances for United. Giggs scored the second goal in that match, sealing his, and United's, tenth Premier League title. Ten days later, on 21 May 2008, Giggs broke Bobby Charlton's appearance record for United when coming on as an 87th minute substitute for Paul Scholes in the Champions League Final against Chelsea. United would go on to win the Final, defeating Chelsea 6–5 on penalties after a 1–1 draw after extra time. Giggs converted what became the winning penalty in sudden-death for United and joined Steve McManaman and team-mate Owen Hargreaves in becoming the only British players to have played in and won more than one Champions League final. (This is not true for European Cups as several Nottingham Forest players achieved this in 1979 and 1980 and several Liverpool players in 1977, 1978, 1981 and 1984.) Giggs lifted the Champions League trophy with Rio Ferdinand as captain Gary Neville had been out for nearly the entire season with an injury.

At the start of Manchester United's 2008–09 campaign, Sir Alex Ferguson began placing Giggs at central midfield, behind the forwards, instead of his favoured wing position. Giggs has since adapted very well to his new position and supplied two assists in as many games, against Middlesbrough and Aalborg. Sir Alex Ferguson said in an interview, "(Giggs) is a very valuable player, he will be 35 this November but at 35, he can be United's key player. At 25, Ryan would shatter defenders with his run down the flank, but at 35, he will play deeper." Giggs has begun taking his coaching badges and Ferguson has hinted that he would like Giggs to serve as his coaching staff after retirement like Ole Gunnar Solskjær did.

On 8 February 2009, Giggs maintained his record of being the only player to score in every season of the Premier League since its inception in 1992 by netting the only goal in a 1–0 win over West Ham United. Following speculation earlier in the year, in February 2009, Giggs signed a one-year extension to his current contract – which was due to expire in June 2009. After a successful season, Giggs was short-listed along with four other Manchester United team mates for the PFA Player of the Year. On 26 April 2009, Giggs received the award, despite having started just twelve games throughout the 08/09 season (at the time of receiving the trophy). This was the first time in his career that Giggs had received the award. Prior to the awards ceremony, Alex Ferguson had given his backing for Giggs to win the award and stated that it would be fitting, given Giggs' long term contribution to the game. Giggs made his 800th appearance for Manchester United on 29 April 2009, in the 1–0 semi-final win over Arsenal in the UEFA Champions League. On 16 May 2009, Manchester United won the Premier League after a 0–0 draw against Arsenal, both United's and Giggs' 11th Premier League titles.

Giggs scored his first Manchester United hat-trick in a pre-season friendly against Hangzhou Greentown after coming on as a second-half substitute.

On 12 September 2009, Giggs scored United's first goal in a 3–1 Premier League win against Tottenham Hotspur, at White Hart Lane, maintaining his record of having scored in every Premier League season since its inception, the only player to have done so. This game also marked Giggs' 700th start for United. Giggs scored his 150th goal for United, only the ninth player to do so for the club, against Wolfsburg in his first Champions League game of the season. The goal, as well as his previous strike of the season against Spurs, was direct from a free-kick, albeit with a huge deflection. It also made it a record-equalling 14th Champions League season in which he had scored, drawing him level with Raúl who had achieved the feat 15 days earlier. He then set up Michael Carrick to score the winner to give United a 2–1 win against the Champions League newcomers. On 28 November 2009, the eve of his 36th birthday, Giggs scored his 100th Premier League goal – all for Manchester United – scoring the final goal in a 4–1 victory over Portsmouth at Fratton Park. The goal along with his previous two strikes of the season was another free kick, stating his claim for regular set-piece taker since the departure of Cristiano Ronaldo, he also became only the 17th player to reach the milestone in the Premier League.

On 30 November 2009, the day after his 36th birthday, it was reported that Giggs would be offered an additional one-year contract which would run until the end of the 2010–11 season and see him past the 20th anniversary of his first game and first goal for United. On the same day, Giggs was nominated for BBC Sports Personality of the Year 2009. On 5 December 2009, Giggs' appearance against West Ham United – a game that he ended playing at left-back – equalled countryman Gary Speed's outfield record of 535 Premier League games. On 12 December, Giggs surpassed Speed's feat by playing against Aston Villa. The following day, Giggs won the BBC Sports Personality of the Year award. On 18 December 2009, Giggs signed a one-year contract extension with United, keeping him at the club until June 2011, taking him past the 20th anniversary of his first professional contract and that of his first team debut – a rare occurrence of a player reaching the 20-year mark with the same club and with unbroken service. On 31 December 2009, Giggs was named the Manchester United Player of the Decade. On 24 April 2010, Giggs scored the first ever league penalties of his career in his 900th game, netting two penalties in a 3–1 home win over Tottenham Hotspur, which was crucial as it sent United to the top of the Premier League after several weeks in second place behind Chelsea.

On 16 August 2010, Giggs kept up his record of scoring in every Premier League season since its inception as he netted United's third in their 3–0 home victory over Newcastle United in their opening fixture of the new campaign. As he found the net in the final two seasons of the old Football League First Division, he has now scored in 21 successive top division campaigns.

International career

in the friendly against Brazil in September 2006]] Born in Cardiff to Welsh parents, Giggs represented Wales at international level. As a youngster, Giggs captained England Schoolboys. Contrary to popular belief, he was never eligible for the full England team (eligibility at the schoolboy level depends solely upon the location of the school, in Giggs' case Moorside High School in Salford). He has stated that he would have chosen to play for Wales anyway. When he made his international debut in 1991, he broke the record as the youngest debutant for Wales and held it for some seven years when it was broken by Ryan Green in June 1998. He went on to win 64 caps, and scored twelve goals for the Welsh national team between 1991 and 2007. He was appointed captain of Wales in 2004. During a 2006 World Cup qualifier against Azerbaijan on 12 October 2005, Giggs scored a rare double in a 2–0 win but Wales failed to reach the play-offs. In September 2006, he played in a friendly against Brazil at White Hart Lane. Such was his display that, following the 2–0 win for Brazil, Brazil coach Dunga paid Giggs the compliment by stating he would not look out of place playing for the five-time world champions alongside stars such as Kaká and Ronaldinho.

Giggs announced his retirement from international football on Wednesday, 30 May 2007, at a press conference held at The Vale of Glamorgan Hotel, drawing the curtain on a 16-year international career. In November, he was one of three players in the final nomination by the FAW for the Wales Player of the Year award, which was ultimately won by Craig Bellamy.

In an interview with the Western Mail on 26 March 2010, Giggs hinted that he might be tempted to come out of international retirement for his country's UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying campaign, in order to cover for the injured Aaron Ramsey. He later clarified his position to BBC Radio Manchester, saying that he would only return to Wales duty in an emergency.

International goals

Discipline

Giggs had received relatively few bookings early in his career. He has never been sent off when playing for Manchester United and only once when playing for Wales, on 5 September 2001 in a World Cup qualifier against Norway; Giggs received a second yellow card in the 86th minute. In November 2003, he was found guilty of improper conduct by the FA due to his behaviour following the Battle of Old Trafford against Arsenal. In the same week, Giggs received a two-match suspension from international football for deliberately elbowing Russian player Vadim Evseev in the face during the first leg of the Euro 2004 play-offs. The offence was missed by referee Lucílio Batista, but Giggs was later charged using video evidence. !colspan="2"|Total |- !Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals!!Apps!!Goals |- | rowspan="21"|Manchester United |1990–91 |2||1||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||2||1 |- |1991–92 |38||4||3||0||8||3||1||0||1||0||51||7 |- |1992–93 |41||9||2||2||2||0||1||0||0||0||46||11 |- |1993–94 |38||13||7||1||8||3||4||0||1||0||58||17 |- |1994–95 |29||1||7||1||0||0||3||2||1||0||40||4 |- |1995–96 |33||11||7||1||2||0||2||0||0||0||44||12 |- |1996–97 |26||3||3||0||0||0||7||2||1||0||37||5 |- |1997–98 |29||8||2||0||0||0||5||1||1||0||37||9 |- |1998–99 |24||3||6||2||1||0||9||5||1||0||41||10 |- |1999–2000 |30||6||colspan="2"|–||0||0||11||1||3||0||44||7 |- |2000–01 |31||5||2||0||0||0||11||2||1||0||45||7 |- |2001–02 |25||7||1||0||0||0||13||2||1||0||40||9 |- |2002–03 |36||8||3||2||5||0||15||4||0||0||59||14 |- |2003–04 |33||7||5||0||0||0||8||1||1||0||47||8 |- |2004–05 |32||5||4||0||1||1||6||2||1||0||44||8 |- |2005–06 |27||3||2||1||3||0||5||1||0||0||37||5 |- |2006–07 |30||4||6||0||0||0||8||2||0||0||44||6 |- |2007–08 |31||3||2||0||0||0||9||0||1||1||43||4 |- |2008–09 |28||2||2||0||4||1||11||1||2||0||47||4 |- |2009–10 |25||5||1||0||2||1||3||1||1||0||32||7 |- |2010–11 |11||1||1||1||1||0||3||0||1||0||17||2 |- !colspan="2"|Total !599!!109!!66!!11!!37!!9!!135!!28!!18!!1!!855!!157 |}

Statistics accurate as of match played 9 January 2011

|- |1991||2||0 |- |1992||3||0 |- |1993||6||2 |- |1994||1||1 |- |1995||3||0 |- |1996||3||1 |- |1997||3||1 |- |1998||1||0 |- |1999||3||1 |- |2000||4||1 |- |2001||4||0 |- |2002||5||0 |- |2003||7||1 |- |2004||3||0 |- |2005||6||3 |- |2006||5||0 |- |2007||4||1 |- !Total||64||12 |}

Honours

Manchester United

Premier League (11): 1992–93, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09

FA Cup (4): 1993–94, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04

Football League Cup (4): 1991–92, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2009–10

FA Community Shield (8): 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2010

UEFA Champions League (2): 1998–99, 2007–08

UEFA Super Cup (1): 1991

Intercontinental Cup (1): 1999

FIFA Club World Cup (1): 2008

Individual

PFA Young Player of the Year (2): 1991-92, 1992-93

PFA Team of the Year (9): 1992-93, 1993-94, 1994-95, 1995-96, 1997-98, 2000-01, 2001-02, 2006-07, 2008-09

PFA Team of the Century (1): 1997-2007

Bravo Award: 1993

PFA Player of the Year (1): 2008-09

BBC Sports Personality of the Year (1): 2009

BBC Wales Sports Personality of the Year (2): 1996, 2009

Sir Matt Busby Player of the Year (1): 1997-98

Jimmy Murphy Young Player of the Year (2): 1990-91, 1991-92

Premier League 10 Seasons Awards (1992–93 to 2001–02): Overall Team of the Decade

Wales Player of the Year Award (2): 1996, 2006

Premier League Player of the Month (3): September 1993, August 2006, February 2007

Goal of the Season (1): 1998-99

English Football Hall of Fame Inductee: 2005

Orders and special awards

OBE for services to football: 2007 Freedom of the City of Salford: 7 January 2010. He is the 22nd person to receive the Freedom of the City of Salford. Most Premier League assists (accurate records are only available from 2002 onwards).

Only player to have scored in all 19 Premier League campaigns since its inception.

One of two players to have played in every Premier League season since its inception, Sol Campbell being the other.

Only player to have scored in eleven consecutive Champions League tournaments (1996–97 to 2006–07).

Only Manchester United player to have scored in fourteen different Champions League tournaments.

Most goals by a British player in the Champions League/European Cup proper history, and 14th overall (not including preliminary rounds).

Most appearances by a Manchester United player.

First player to score 100 Premier League goals for Manchester United.

Second midfielder to have scored 100 goals in the Premier League for a single club (first being Matt Le Tissier).

Endorsements

Giggs has been featured in adverts for Reebok, Sovil Titus, Citizen Watches, Givenchy, Fuji, Patek Phillipe, Quorn Burgers, ITV Digital and Celcom.

According to an article by BBC Sport: "In the early 1990s, Giggs was David Beckham before Beckham was even holding down a place in the United first team. If you put his face on the cover of a football magazine, it guaranteed you the biggest sales of the year. Why? Men would buy it to read about 'the new Best' and girls bought it because they wanted his face all over their bedroom walls. Giggs had the million-pound boot deal (Reebok), the lucrative sponsorship deals in the Far East (Fuji) and the celebrity girlfriends (Dani Behr, Davinia Taylor) at a time when Beckham was being sent on loan to Preston North End."

Giggs has said that he deliberately shunned the media fuss. "Nothing could have prepared me for the limelight I was thrust into at 17," said Giggs. "I was in newspapers, magazines, on TV, and everyone in the street knew me. It was strange for me and I dealt with it by trying not to create a fuss. I've just tried to keep it that way ever since." At the height of his celebrity, Giggs' relationships caused him to change his media approach. Giggs has spoken about this decided shift away from publicity- a route he seemed destined to take as celebrity pin up, occurring sometime in the mid 1990s. "The high-profile relationship I had with the TV presenter Dani Behr was the turning point for me", said Giggs. "Before I knew it, we were being photographed outside my house and cameramen followed us everywhere. It was very uncomfortable. At that point I decided the celebrity lifestyle wasn't for me. Around that time I felt my commercial work was affecting my work, too. I thought 'no, football is my bread and butter. It has to, and always will, come first'", he told the Daily Mirror. They have two children, both born in Salford: Liberty Beau (known as Libby, born 2003) and Zach Joseph (born 2006), and live in Worsley, Salford.

Activism

In recent years, Giggs has become a UNICEF representative, launching a campaign in 2002 to prevent landmines from killing children. Giggs visited UNICEF projects in Thailand and told the BBC: "As a footballer I can't imagine life without the use of one of my legs... Sadly this is exactly what happens to thousands of children every year when they accidentally step on a landmine."

Post-playing career

In October 2010, Giggs said he would "probably finish [his] career here [Old Trafford]", and that he could not see himself "dropping down leagues and playing at a lesser level." He said he wanted to go into coaching, calling managing Manchester United or Wales, "the two ultimate jobs", and that he was halfway through his UEFA 'A' coaching license.

References

External links

Photos & statistics at www.sporting-heroes.net

FootballDatabase provides Ryan Giggs’ profile and stats

Manchester United Official Website Biography

The National Football Museum Hall of Fame

BBC profile of Giggs

Category:1973 births Category:Living people Category:BBC Sports Personality of the Year winners Category:BBC Wales Sports Personality of the Year Category:British people of Sierra Leonean descent Category:English Football Hall of Fame inductees Category:Association football wingers Category:Manchester United F.C. players Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire Category:People from Cardiff Category:Premier League players Category:Sierra Leone Creole people Category:The Football League players Category:Wales international footballers Category:Wales under-21 international footballers Category:Welsh footballers Category:Welsh people of Black African descent

Caption	Kudrow at the 2009 Streamy Awards
Birth date	July 30, 1963
Birth place	Encino, California, United States
Birth name	Lisa Valerie Kudrow
Occupation	Actress
Years active	1989–present
Spouse	Michel Stern (1995-present)

Lisa Valerie Kudrow-Stern (born July 30, 1963) is an American actress, best known for her role as Phoebe Buffay in the television sitcom Friends, for which she received many accolades including an Emmy Award and two Screen Actors Guild Awards.

While starring in Friends, Kudrow also appeared in 1999's comedy film Analyze This, directed by Harold Ramis, as well a its 2002 sequel Analyze That. Kudrow has appeared in several comedy films, notably playing Michele Weinberger in Romy and Michele's High School Reunion, the 2009 feature film Bandslam as the character Karen Burton, P.S. I Love You and Easy A.

Early life

Lisa Valerie Kudrow was born in Encino, Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Nedra S. (née Stern), a travel agent, and Dr. Lee N. Kudrow (born 1933), a headache specialist and physician. Her ancestors emigrated from Belarus and lived in the village of Ilya, in the Minsk area, and her great-grandmother was killed in the Holocaust. Kudrow was raised in an upper-middle-class Jewish family and has an older sister, Helene Marla (born 1960), and an older brother, neurologist David B. Kudrow (born 1957). She is the niece of composer/conductor Harold Farberman. She took guitar lessons as a child and is left-handed. In 1979, at the age of 16, she underwent surgery which reduced the size of her nose.

After attending Portola Middle School in Tarzana, California, she graduated from Taft High School in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles. She received her B.S. in Biology from Vassar College, intending to follow in her father's footsteps and research headaches. Kudrow worked on her father's staff for eight years while breaking into acting, earning a research credit on his study on the comparative likelihood of left-handed individuals developing cluster headaches. For a time, Kudrow also worked as an anchor/reporter at KVII-TV, the ABC affiliate in Amarillo, Texas.

Career

At the urging of her brother's childhood friend, comedian Jon Lovitz, She was also the only regular female member of the Transformers Comedy Troupe. She played a role in an episode of the NBC sitcom Cheers. She tried out for Saturday Night Live in 1990, but the show chose Julia Sweeney instead. She had a recurring role as Kathy Fleisher in three episodes of season one of the Bob Newhart sitcom Bob (CBS, 1992–1993), a role she played after taking part in the memorable series finale of Newhart's previous series Newhart. Prior to Friends, she appeared in at least two produced network pilots: NBC's Just Temporary (also known as Temporarily Yours) in 1989, playing Nicole; and CBS' Close Encounters (also known as Matchmaker) in 1990, playing a Valley girl.

For her ensemble starring role as Phoebe on Friends (NBC, 1994–2004) Kudrow would win the 1998 Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series; she was the first Friends cast member to win an Emmy, as well as the most frequently nominated of the cast, receiving six nominations. The program was a long-running hit, and Kudrow and her fellow cast-members gained wide renown among television viewers. According to the Guinness Book of World Records (2005), Kudrow and co-stars Jennifer Aniston and Courteney Cox became the highest paid TV actresses of all time, earning $1 million per episode for the ninth and tenth season of Friends.

Her film credits include comedic roles in Romy and Michele's High School Reunion, Hanging Up, Marci X, Analyze This and its sequel Analyze That. However, Kudrow has also starred in dramatic roles including the biographical Wonderland about the late porn star John Holmes. She had dramatic roles for writer-director Don Roos in the films The Opposite of Sex and Happy Endings. In 2008, she commenced filming on Hotel for Dogs alongside Emma Roberts and Jake T. Austin.

She has been a vocal performer on episodes of animated television series, including as Aphrodite on , and as Springfield Elementary School student Alexandra Whitney on The Simpsons. She was the voice of the female grizzly bear Ava in the live action movie Dr. Dolittle 2. She also voiced the Ghost of Christmas Past in the American Dad Christmas Special: The Best Christmas Story Never Told. Kudrow starred as protagonist Valerie Cherish on the single-season HBO series The Comeback (premiered June 5, 2005), about a has-been sitcom star trying for a comeback. She also served as co-creator, writer, and executive producer. Kudrow received an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series for her work on The Comeback, making her the first Friends cast member to receive a major award nomination since Friends ended. She has also appeared, alongside her niece, in a television commercial for Nintendo's , as well as in the Nintendo DS commercial for Professor Layton and the Curious Village with Lynn Brown Kogen. She and Lisa are friends (Lisa was in Lynn's wedding) and who is married to Jay Kogen (writer/producer for Frasier, Tracey Ullman, Simpsons).

She also served as the executive producer for the American version of the hit UK television series Who Do You Think You Are? for NBC, in which celebrities trace their family trees. The subjects of the first series included Kudrow herself, Susan Sarandon, and Sarah Jessica Parker. On March 19, 2010 Kudrow’s search for her roots in eastern Europe was broadcast.

Lisa Kudrow is currently filming a new web series called Web Therapy on Lstudio.com.

Lisa Kudrow and Courteney Cox reunited on Cougar Town in 2009. Kudrow played an accomplished dermatologist whose services become addictive to Jules (Cox), despite the doctor's impatient temperament. Kudrow's episode was aired during November sweeps.

Personal life

On May 27, 1995, Kudrow became the first "Friend" to marry when she wed Michel Stern, a French advertising executive. Kudrow's pregnancy was written into Friends with her character Phoebe having triplets as a surrogate parent for her brother and his wife because they were not able to have children.

Filmography

Film

{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |- bgcolor="#B0C4DE" align="center" ! Year ! Film ! Role ! Notes |- | rowspan="4"| 1989 | L.A on $5 a Day | Charmer | |- | Married to the Mob | | |- | Just Temporary | Nicole | TV movie |- | Murder in High Places | Miss Stich | TV movie |- | rowspan="2"| 1991 | To the Moon, Alice | Friend of Perky Girl | TV movie |- | The Unborn | Louisa | |- | rowspan="2"| 1992 | Dance with Death | Millie | |- | In the Heat of Passion | Bank Teller | Also known as: Heat of Passion |- | 1994 | | Bank Teller | |- | 1995 | The Crazysister | Adrian Wexler-Jones | |- | 1996 | Mother | Linda | |- | rowspan="3"| 1997 | Romy and Michele's High School Reunion | Michele Weinberger | Nominated — MTV Movie Award for Best Dance Sequence (Shared with Mira Sorvino and Alan Cumming)Nominated — Satellite Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |- | Clockwatchers | Paula | |- | Hacks | Reading Woman | |- | 1998 | The Opposite of Sex | Lucia DeLury |Chlotrudis Award for Best Supporting ActressNew York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated — American Comedy Award for Funniest Supporting Actress in a Motion PictureNominated — Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated — Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting FemaleNominated — Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated — Teen Choice Award for Best Hissy Fit |- | 1999 | Analyze This | Laura MacNamara Sobel | Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Supporting Actress - ComedyNominated — American Comedy Award for Funniest Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture |- | rowspan="2"| 2000 | Hanging Up | Maddy Moell | Teen Choice Award for Best Hissy Fit |- | Lucky Numbers | Crystal | |- | rowspan="2"| 2001 | All Over the Guy | Marie | |- | Dr. Dolittle 2 | Ava | Voice |- | rowspan="2"| 2002 | Bark! | Dr. Darla Portnoy | |- | Analyze That | Laura Sobel | |- | rowspan="2"| 2003 | Marci X | Marci Field | |- | Wonderland | Sharon Holmes | |- | 2005 | Happy Endings | Mamie | |- | rowspan="2"| 2007 | Kabluey | Leslie | Nominated — Satellite Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |- | P.S. I Love You | Denise | |- | rowspan="4"| 2009 | Hotel for Dogs | Lois Scudder | |- | Powder Blue | Sally | direct-to-video |- | Paper Man | Claire Dunn | limited release |- | Bandslam | Karen Burton | |- | rowspan="1"| 2010 | Easy A | Mrs. Griffith |- | rowspan="2"| 2011 | The Other Woman | Carolyne | formally known as 'Love and Other Impossible Pursuits' |- | Ten Year | Ms. Molly |}

Television

{| border="2" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin: 1em 1em 1em 0; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px #aaa solid; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 95%;" |- bgcolor="#B0C4DE" align="center" ! Year ! Series ! Role ! Notes |- | 1989 | Cheers | Emily | Episode: "Two Girls for Every Boyd" |- | rowspan="2"| 1990 | Newhart | Sada | Episode: "The Last Newhart" |- | Life Goes On | Stellla | Episode: "Becca and the Band" |- | 1992 | Room for Two | Woman in Black | Episode: "Not Quite... Room for Two" |- | 1992–1999 | Mad About You | Ursula Buffay | 23 episodes |- | rowspan="2"| 1993 | Flying Blind | Amy | Episode: "My Dinner with Brad Schimmel" |- | Bob | Kathy Fleisher | Episode: "Bob and Kaye and Jerry and Patty" Episode: "Tell Them Willy Mammoth Is Here" Episode: "The Entertainer" |- | 1993–1994 | Coach | Lauren | Episode: "About Face" Episode: "Like Father, Like Daughter" |- | 1994–2004 | Friends | Phoebe Buffay/Ursula Buffay | 236 episodes; one of the 6 main roles |- | rowspan="2"| 1996 | Hope & Gloria | Phoebe Buffay | Episode: "A New York Story" |- | | (Voice) Female Beta Maxians | Episode: "The One with Lisa Kudrow in a Small Role" |- | 1997 | Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist | (Voice) Lisa | Episode: "Reunion" |- | 1998 | The Simpsons | (Voice) Alex Whitney | Episode: "Lard of the Dance" |- | 1998–1999 | | (Voice) Aphrodite | Episode: "Hercules and the Big Kiss" Episode: "Hercules and the Dream Date" Episode: "Hercules and the Gorgon" |- | rowspan="2"| 2001 | King of the Hill | (Voice) Marjorie Pittman | Episode: "The Exterminator" |- | Blue's Clues | (Voice) Dr. Stork | Episode: "The Baby's Here!" |- | 2004–2005 | Father of the Pride | (Voice) Foo-Lin | Episode: "What's Black and White and Depressed All Over?" Episode: "The Siegfried and Roy Fantasy Experience Movie" |- | rowspan="2"| 2005 | The Comeback | Valerie Cherish | 13 episodes, Producer and Writer |- | Hopeless Pictures | (Voice) Sandy | Episode: "Episode #1.2" Episode: "Episode #1.4" |- | 2006 | American Dad! | (Voice) The Ghost of Christmas Past | Episode: "The Best Christmas Story Never" |- | 2008–present | Web Therapy | Fiona Wallice | Web series, Producer, Writer and main role. |- | rowspan="2"| 2010 | Cougar Town | Dr. Amy Evans | Episode: "Rhino Skin" |- | Who Do You Think You Are? | Herself | Episode: "Lisa Kudrow" {|class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%" border="2" cellpadding="4" background: #f9f9f9; |- align="center" !style="background:#B0C4DE"|Year !style="background:#B0C4DE"|Award !style="background:#B0C4DE"|Category !style="background:#B0C4DE"|Result |- |rowspan=2|1995 |Emmy Award |Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series - Mad About You | |- |rowspan=4|1996 |American Comedy Award |Funniest Supporting Female Performer in a TV Series - Friends | |- |Golden Globe Award |Best Supporting Actress in a TV Series, Mini-Series or TV Movie - Friends | |- |rowspan=2|Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |1997 |Emmy Award |Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |rowspan=3|1998 |Emmy Award |Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |New York Film Critics Circle Award |Best Supporting Actress - The Opposite of Sex | |- |Satellite Awards |Best Actress in a Motion Picture, Comedy or Musical - Romy and Michelle's High School Reunion | |- |rowspan=10|1999 |rowspan=3|American Comedy Award |Funniest Supporting Female Performer in a TV Series - ''Friends' | |- |Funniest Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture - The Opposite of Sex | |- |Funniest Female Guest Appearance in a TV Series - Mad About You | |- |Chicago Film Critics Association Award |Best Supporting Actress - The Opposite of Sex | |- |Chlotrudis Award |Best Supporting Actress - The Opposite of Sex | |- |Emmy Award |Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |Independent Spirit Award |Best Supporting Actress - The Opposite of Sex | |- |Online Film Critics Society Award |Best Supporting Actress - The Opposite of Sex | |- |rowspan=2|Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |rowspan=6|2000 |rowspan=3|American Comedy Award |Funniest Supporting Female Performer in a TV Series - Friends | |- |Funniest Female Performer in a TV Special - MTV Movie Awards | |- |Funniest Supporting Actress in a Motion Picture - Analyze This | |- |Emmy Award |Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |rowspan=2|Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |rowspan=4|2001 |American Comedy Award |Funniest Supporting Female Performer in a TV Series - Friends | |- |Emmy Award |Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |Satellite Award |Best Actress in a TV Series, Comedy or Musical - Friends | |- |Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |rowspan=2|2002 |Satellite Award |Best Actress in a TV Series, Comedy or Musical - Friends | |- |Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |2003 |Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |rowspan=2|2004 |rowspan=2|Screen Actors Guild Award |Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series - Friends | |- |rowspan=3|2006 |Emmy Award |Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series - The Comeback | |- |Gracie Allen Award |Outstanding Female Lead in a Comedy Series - The Comeback | |- |Satellite Award |Best Actress in a TV Series, Comedy or Musical - The Comeback | |- |2008 |Satellite Award |Best Actress in a Motion Picture, Comedy or Musical - Kabluey | |- |2009 |Streamy Award |Best Female Actress in a Web Comedy Series - Web Therapy | |- |2010 |Golden Derby TV Awards |Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series - Cougar Town | |- |}

References

External links

Category:1963 births Category:Living people Category:American actors of Russian descent Category:American film actors Category:American Jews Category:American television actors Category:American voice actors Category:Actors from California Category:Emmy Award winners Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:The Groundlings Category:Jewish actors Category:People from the San Fernando Valley Category:Vassar College alumni Category:Women comedians Category:People_from_the_San_Gabriel_Valley Category:Actors_from_Los_Angeles,_California

{{ infobox comedian |image = Demetri Martin.jpg |imagesize = 250px |caption = Demetri Martin at Northeastern University, April 11, 2007 |birth_date = May 25, 1973 |medium = Stand-up, television, film, music, art |nationality = American |active = Since 2002 |birth_place = New York City, New York, United States |genre = Observational comedy, surreal humor, musical comedy, wit/wordplay, sketch comedy |subject = Everyday life, American culture |influences = Steven Wright, Eddie Izzard, Emo Phillips |deathdate = |othername = |website = demetrimartin.com |notable_work = Demetri Martin. Person.Correspondent on The Daily ShowHimself/Various on Important Things with Demetri MartinElliot Tiber in Taking Woodstock (2009) }}

Demetri Martin (born May 25, 1973) is an American comedian, actor, artist, musician, writer and humorist. Martin is best known for his work as a standup comedian, contributor on The Daily Show and for his Comedy Central show Important Things with Demetri Martin.

Early life

Demetri Martin was born in New York City, New York, and grew up in Toms River, New Jersey. He is the son of Lillian, a nutritionist, and Dean C. Martin, a Greek Orthodox priest. Martin graduated from Yale University in 1995. He received a full-ride scholarship to the New York University School of Law. After completing his second year, however, he dropped out.

Career

In 2001, Martin caught his first big break in stand-up comedy when he appeared on Comedy Central's stand-up showcase Premium Blend. At the 2003 Edinburgh Festival Fringe he won the Perrier award with his show If I.... The show was turned into a British television special in 2004. From 2003 to 2004, Martin wrote for Late Night with Conan O'Brien. In 2004, Martin had his own Comedy Central Presents stand-up special. His special was divided into three parts. In the first, he performed in traditional stand-up comedy fashion. In the second segment, he used humorous drawings as visual aids, which would serve either as the punchline or a background. During the third segment, he played a guitar and put on a pseudo-play where he would strum his guitar while talking; some of his comedian friends dressed as fairies and dragons acted according to the story he was telling, detailing the magical land where his jokes came from. Martin's uncle and sister also appeared.

Since late 2005, he has been credited as a contributor on The Daily Show, on which he has appeared as the named "Senior Youth Correspondent" and on which he hosts a segment called "Trendspotting". He has used this segment to talk about so-called hip trends among youth such as hookahs, wine, guerilla marketing and Xbox 360. A piece about social networking featured his profile on MySpace. On March 22, 2007, Demetri made another appearance on The Daily Show, talking about the Viacom lawsuit against Google and YouTube.

He has recorded a comedy CD/DVD titled These Are Jokes, which was released on September 26, 2006. This album also features Saturday Night Live member Will Forte and stand-up comedian Leo Allen.

Martin returned to The Daily Show on March 22, 2006, as the new Youth Correspondent, calling his segment "Professional Important News with Demetri Martin". He recently starred in a Fountains of Wayne music video for "Someone to Love" as Seth Shapiro, a character in the song. He also starred in the video for the new Travis single "Selfish Jean", in which he wears multiple t-shirts with lyrics written on them.

On September 2, 2007, Martin appeared on the season finale of the HBO series Flight of the Conchords. He appeared as a keytar player named Demetri.

He also had a part in the movie The Rocker(2008) starring Rainn Wilson. Martin played the part of the videographer when the band in the movie was making their first music video.

In 2009, he hosted and starred in his own television show called Important Things With Demetri Martin on Comedy Central. Later in June, it was announced his show had been renewed for a second season. The second season premiered, again on Comedy Central, on February 4, 2010. Martin has stated that Important Things will not return for a third season.

Prior to completing work on his second season, Martin starred in the comedy-drama film Taking Woodstock (2009), directed by Ang Lee, which premiered at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival. In the film Martin plays Elliot Tiber, a closeted gay artist who has given up his ambitions in the city to move upstate and help his old-world Jewish family run their Catskill Mountains motel. The film is based on the book written by Tiber.

Comedic style

Martin is known for being an unconventional stand-up comic. He uses extensive wordplay (particularly paraprosdokians), one-liners, drawings on a "large pad", as well as accompanying his jokes with music on either guitar, harmonica, piano, keyboard, glockenspiel, toy bells, ukulele or tambourine—sometimes all at once. He has cited comedian Steven Wright as an important influence. Both use deadpan one-liners in their acts.

Future plans

Martin sold his movie concept Will to DreamWorks; he is expected to play a key supporting role. He will play the lead in the film Moon People, a pitch that he sold to Columbia Pictures. He will also be appearing in the upcoming film Kids in America, in which he will play a Goldman Sachs employee.

Martin also signed a blind script deal with CBS in October 2010 to produce, write, and star in his own television series.

If I

If I is a Perrier Comedy Award-winning comedy one-man show written and performed by Demetri Martin at the 2003 Edinburgh Festival Fringe. It was also aired on British television as a special. The show is an autobiographical examination of Martin's life, as seen through various definitions of the word "if."

The title of the special comes from a lengthy palindromic poem that Martin wrote; the words "if I" are at the center of the poem.

Discography

Invite Them Up (2005)

These Are Jokes (2006)

Demetri Martin. Person. (2007)

Filmography and television work

{| class="wikitable sortable" ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 2002 || Analyze That || Personal Assistant || credited as "Demitri Martin" |- | 2003 || If I || Himself || British television special, also writer |- | 2004 || 12:21 || Himself || short film, also writer |- | 2004 ||Late Night with Conan O'Brien ||Himself || 1 episode, series writer |- | 2007 || "Someone to Love" || Seth Shapiro || Fountains of Wayne music video |- | 2007 || Flight of the Conchords || Demetri || Season 1, Episode 12 |- | 2008 || The Rocker || Kip (a music video producer) || |- | 2009 || Paper Heart|| Himself || |- | 2009 || Post Grad|| Ad Exec || |- | 2009 || Moon People || || lead role and writer |- | 2009 || Taking Woodstock || Elliot Tiber || lead role |- | 2009–2010 || Important Things with Demetri Martin || Himself / Various || lead role, writer, series creator, executive producer, and composer |- | 2011 ||Take Me Home Tonight || Goldman Sachs Employee || supporting role |- | 2011 || Contagion || || |}

Awards and nominations

References

External links

demetrimartin.com, Martin's official website

Interview from November, 2006, in Onion AV Club

Interview from October 2006, in The DePaulia

Article, in The Scotsman

Article, in Gelf Magazine

Interview by Brian M. Palmer

MP3 Audio Interview on The Sound of Young America public radio show and podcast

Interview Believer Mag

New Jersey Monthly Magazine

Fresh Air, NPR.org

Category:1973 births Category:Actors from New Jersey Category:Actors from New York City Category:American comedians Category:American comedy musicians Category:American comedy writers Category:American film actors Category:American humorists Category:American people of Greek descent Category:American stand-up comedians Category:American television actors Category:American television writers Category:Living people Category:New York University alumni Category:Writers from New Jersey Category:Writers from New York City Category:Writers Guild of America Award winners Category:Yale University alumni