Name	Josiah
Title	King of Judah
Predecessor	Amon
Successor	Jehoahaz
Consort	Zebidah, Hamutal
Issue	Johanan, Jehoahaz, Jehoiakim, Zedekiah
Royal house	House of David
Father	Amon
Mother	Jedidah
Date of birth	c. 648 BC
Place of birth	probably Jerusalem
Date of death	Tammuz (June/July) 609 BC
Place of death	Jerusalem
Buried	tombs of his fathers}}

Josiah or Yoshiyahu (, "supported of Yahweh (YHWH)"; ; ; in English ) (c. 649–609 BC) was a king of Judah (641–609 BC) who instituted major reforms. Josiah is credited by some historians with having established or discovered important Jewish scriptures during the Deuteronomic reform that occurred during his rule.

Josiah became king of Judah at the age of eight, after the assassination of his father, King Amon, and reigned for thirty-one years, from 641/640 to 610/609 BC.

He is also one of the kings mentioned in the genealogy of Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew.

Family

Josiah was the son of King Amon and Jedidah, the daughter of Adaiah of Bozkath. His grandfather Manasseh was one of the kings blamed for turning away from the worship of YHWH. Manasseh adapted the Temple for idolatrous worship. Josiah's great-grandfather was King Hezekiah who was a noted reformer.

Josiah had four sons: Johanan, Eliakim (born c. 634 BC) by Zebudah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah, Mattanyahu (c. 618 BC) and Shallum (633/632 BC) both by Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.

Shallum succeeded Josiah as king of Judah, under the name Jehoahaz. Shallum was succeeded by Eliakim, under the name Jehoiakim , who was succeeded by his own son Jeconiah ; then Jeconiah was succeeded to the throne by Mattanyahu, under the name Zedekiah. Zedekiah was the last king of Judah before the kingdom was conquered by Babylon and the people exiled.

Religious reforms

(house of the Lord) as depicted in a 3-D computer model.]] (house of the Lord) based on descriptions in the Tanakh.]] (house of the Lord) with ceiling removed as depicted in a 3-D computer model.]] In the eighteenth year of his rule, Josiah ordered the High Priest Hilkiah to use the tax money which had been collected over the years to renovate the temple. It was during this time that Hilkiah discovered the Book of the Law. While Hilkiah was clearing the treasure room of the Temple he found a scroll described as "the book of the Law" or as "the book of the law of YHVH by the hand of Moses" ;

Josiah encouraged the exclusive worship of Yahweh and outlawed all other forms of worship.2 Kings 23 According to the biblical account, Josiah destroyed the living quarters for male cult prostitutes which were in the Temple, and also destroyed pagan objects related to the worship of Baal, Asherah), "and all the hosts of the heavens". Josiah had living pagan priests executed and even had the bones of the dead priests of Bethel exhumed from their graves and burned on their altars, which was viewed as an extreme act of desecration. Josiah also reinstituted the Passover celebrations. ()

According to an unnamed "man of God" {Iddo} had prophesied to King Jeroboam of Israel, approximately three hundred years earlier, that "a son named Josiah will be born to the house of David" and that he would destroy the altar at Bethel. And the only exception to this destruction was for the grave of an unnamed prophet he found in Bethel (), who had foretold that these religious sites Jeroboam erected would one day be destroyed (see ). Josiah ordered the double grave of the "man of God" and of the Bethel prophet to be let alone as these prophecies had come true.

According to the later account in 2 Chronicles, Josiah even destroyed altars and images of pagan deities in cities of the tribes of Manasseh, Ephraim, "and Simeon, as far as Naphtali" (), which were outside of his kingdom, Judah, and returned the Ark of the Covenant to the Temple. (see List of Artifacts Significant to the Bible).

Foreign relations

When Josiah became king of Judah in about 641/640 BC, the international situation was in flux. To the east, the Assyrian Empire was beginning to disintegrate, the Babylonian Empire had not yet risen to replace it, and Egypt to the west was still recovering from Assyrian rule. In this power vacuum, Jerusalem was able to govern itself for the time being without foreign intervention.

In the spring of 609 BC, Pharaoh Necho II personally led a sizable army up to the Euphrates River to aid the Assyrians. Taking the coast route Via Maris into Syria at the head of a large army, consisting mainly of his mercenaries, and supported by his Mediterranean fleet along the shore, Necho passed the low tracts of Philistia and Sharon. However, the passage over the ridge of hills which shuts in on the south of the great Jezreel Valley was blocked by the Judean army led by Josiah, who may have considered that the Assyrians and Egyptians were weakened by the death of the pharaoh Psamtik I only a year earlier (610 BC), who had been appointed and confirmed by Assyrian kings Esarhaddon and Assurbanipal. Josiah attempted to block the advance at Megiddo, where the fierce battle was fought and where Josiah was killed. (, ) Necho then joined forces with the Assyrian Ashur-uballit II and together they crossed the Euphrates and lay siege to Harran. The combined forces failed to capture the city, and Necho retreated back to northern Syria.

Succession

There are two accounts of Josiah's death in the Bible. The Book of Kings merely states that Necho II met Josiah at Megiddo and killed him. () The Book of gives a lengthier account and states that Josiah was fatally wounded by Egyptian archers and was brought back to Jerusalem to die. His death was a result of "not listen[ing] to what Necho had said at God's command..." when Necho stated:

"What quarrel is there between you and me, O king of Judah? It is not you I am attacking at this time, but the house with which I am at war. God has told me to hurry; so stop opposing God, who is with me, or he will destroy you." (NIV)

Josiah did not heed this warning and by both accounts his death was caused by meeting Necho at Megiddo. According to , Jeremiah wrote a lament for Josiah's passing.

After the setback in Harran, Necho left a sizable force behind, and returned to Egypt. On his return march, Necho found that Jehoahaz had been selected to succeed his father, Josiah. () Necho deposed Jehoahaz, who had been king for only three months, and replaced him with his older brother, Jehoiakim. Necho imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents of silver (about 3 3/4 tons or about 3.4 metric tons) and a talent of gold (about 75 pounds or about 34 kilograms). Necho then took Jehoahaz back to Egypt as his prisoner, () never to return.

Necho had left Egypt in 609 BC for two reasons: one was to relieve the Babylonian siege of Harran, and the other was to help the king of Assyria, who was defeated by the Babylonians at Carchemish. Josiah's actions suggest that he was aiding the Babylonians by engaging the Egyptian army.

Book of the Law

The Biblical text states that the priest Hilkiah found a scroll called "the Book of the Torah" in the temple during the early stages of Josiah's temple renovation, possibly in a type of Genizah. Among biblical scholars this has been generally accepted to be the Book of Deuteronomy. Most recent biblical scholarship, nevertheless, sees it as largely legendary narrative about one of the earliest stages of creation of deuteronomistic work. According to this legend Hilkiah gave the scroll to his secretary Shaphan who took it to king Josiah. Historical-critical biblical scholarship generally accept that this scroll - an early predecessor of the Torah was written by the priests driven by ideological interest to centralize power under Josiah in Jerusalem Temple, and that the core narrative from Joshua to 2 Kings up to Josiah's reign comprise a "Deuteronomistic History" (DtrH) written during Josiah's reign . On the other hand more recent European biblical scholarship posits that most of the Torah and Deuteronomistic History was composed and its form finalized during Persian period several centuries later.

Sources

The chief sources of information for Josiah's reign are and . Considerable archaeological evidence exists, including a number of "scroll-style" stamps which date to his reign.

The date of Josiah's death can fairly well be established. The Babylonian Chronicle dates the battle at Harran between the Assyrians and their Egyptian allies against the Babylonians from Tammuz (July-August) to Elul (August-September) 609 BC. On that basis, Josiah was killed in the month of Tammuz (July-August) 609 BC, when the Egyptians were on their way to Harran.

See also

The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Its Sacred Texts for the possible role of Josiah in creation of the Bible.

Hertz J.H. (1936) The Pentateuch and Haftoras. Deuteronomy. Oxford University Press, London.

Friedman, R. (1987) Who wrote the Bible? New York: Summit Books

References

External links

Jewish Encyclopedia: Josiah

Catholic Encyclopedia: Josias

Jewish Virtual Library Josiah

Category:Kings of ancient Judah Category:648 BC births Category:609 BC deaths Category:Ancient child rulers Category:Military personnel killed in action Category:Old Testament saints Category:7th-century BC Biblical rulers

Name	Josiah Leming
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Josiah Donald Leming
Born	March 26, 1989
Origin	Morristown, Tennessee, United States
Genre	Alternative, Indie, Pop
Instrument	Vocals, guitar, piano
Occupation	Musician, singer-songwriter
Years active	2006—present
Label	Warner Bros. Records
Url	myspace.com/josiahleming

Josiah Leming (born March 26, 1989) is a singer-songwriter He appeared in the seventh season of American Idol, where he was cut during the Hollywood round of the auditions, just before the semifinals. His cut followed a subpar performance, but was considered somewhat controversial nonetheless. Leming's debut album from Warner Bros. came out September 13, 2010.

Biography

Josiah Leming was born in a small town in East Tennessee. He was raised alongside four brothers and four sisters. Leming first learned the piano when he was eight years old. Described as "self-taught", he also credits an "elderly piano instructor" for his early musical education. By 13, Leming was writing his own music, and by 16 he began to perform locally. He left his home in Morristown, Tennessee at 17, in an attempt to both make it as a musician and find a way to support his large and struggling family.

Musical career

Since his appearance on American Idol, Leming has signed a record deal with Warner Bros. (Warner decided to part ways with Josiah late 2010) He has also appeared on the Ellen DeGeneres Show, and finished recording his debut album. He recorded this album in London and Los Angeles, with the help of producers Jesse Owen Astin, Martin Terefe, Warren Huart and David Kosten. The album, titled Come on Kid, is set for release on September 14, 2010, after some delays. "It was emotional, and it took a long time," Leming tells Billboard.com. "In order to make an album that everybody was happy with, and also that I felt good about, it took the good part of two years to kind of wrangle that in." While these delays were rumored to have been caused by contract disputes with 19 Entertainment, both Leming and 19 now say that the "disputes" were simply a misunderstanding.

On American Idol

Leming was a contestant on Season 7 of American Idol. He was cut just before the semifinals, when Randy Jackson and Paula Abdul refused to side with Simon Cowell in his wish to see Leming advance to the semifinals. Cowell is on record saying that he feels it was a mistake not to put Leming through to the next round, having stated: "We should have put him through. I was all for it. I wanted him in the competition." Leming's controversial ouster is widely believed to be one factor behind the return of wild cards to the selection process in Season 8.

Discography

The Paperplain, self-released EP, (2007)

Her, self-released EP (2007)

Angels Undercover, EP (2008)

26 on Heatseekers

Punk Ass Rain, EP (2009)

Come On Kid, studio album (2010)

References

External links

Josiah Leming MySpace site

Category:American male singers Category:American Idol participants Category:People from Morristown, Tennessee Category:1989 births Category:Living people Category:2000s singers Category:2010s singers Category:American pianists Category:Musicians from Tennessee Category:American guitarists

Josiah Turner, Jr. (1821–1901) was a North Carolina lawyer, politician, and newspaper editor.

Turner, onetime president of the North Carolina Railroad Company, was elected to represent Orange County in the North Carolina House of Representatives (1852, 1854, and 1879–1880) and in the North Carolina Senate (1858, 1860, and 1868).

Turner was a Whig before the collapse of that party in the late 1850s and was opposed to secession in the run-up to the American Civil War. After the war began, however, he served in the Confederate States Army, ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Confederate House of Representatives in 1861 (losing to Archibald H. Arrington), and was elected to that body in 1863, serving in the Second Confederate Congress. There, he opposed the policies of President Jefferson Davis.

Turner was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1865 as a "Conservative" but was not seated. Elected again to the state legislature after the war, he opposed Republican Gov. William W. Holden, who had Turner arrested in Hillsborough for allegedly assisting the Ku Klux Klan. Turner also used his newspaper, the Raleigh Sentinel, to attack Holden and his party. "Turner's crusade is considered to have been largely responsible for the recapture of the state legislature by the Democrats (then called Conservatives) and for the overthrow of Governor William W. Holden in 1870 and his impeachment in 1871," wrote William S. Powell. But, said Powell, Turner was "no financial wizard" and the paper ended up in the hands of the publishers of the Raleigh Observer. Eventually, they folded the paper into The News & Observer.

Turner was elected to the legislature in August 1878 and at the same time commenced another campaign for Congress, this time as an Independent Democrat with the support of some Republicans. But other Republicans could not stomach Turner due to his past reputation as, in the words of the New York Times, "the most violent opponent the Republicans ever had in this state." The resulting split in the opposition seemed to ensure a November victory for Democrat Joseph J. Davis.

In 1880, "Turner's behavior [as a state legislator] became 'very erratic,' according to an account in A Biographical History of North Carolina from Colonial Times to the Present, published in 1906. 'He manifested a special antipathy to the speaker, Hon. John M. Moring, whom he denominated as a 'gander head,' and his conduct was so obstreperous that at length the body, worn out by his unruly and unseemly proceedings, was driven to expel him as a member,' reads the account." No other member of the North Carolina General Assembly was so removed from office again until Thomas E. Wright was expelled in 2008.

Turner's last major campaign was another run for Congress in 1884 as a Republican. He was defeated by William R. Cox.

References

Inventory of the Josiah Turner Papers

OurCampaigns.com

Under the Dome

Category:1821 births Category:1901 deaths Category:Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives Category:North Carolina State Senators Category:North Carolina lawyers Category:Members of the Confederate House of Representatives from North Carolina

Consort	yes
Full name	Grace Patricia Kelly
Succession	Princess consort of Monaco
Caption	Princess Grace in 1981
Reign	April 19, 1956 – September 14, 1982
Spouse	Rainier III, Prince of Monaco
Issue	Caroline, Princess of HanoverAlbert II, Prince of MonacoPrincess Stéphanie of Monaco
Titles	HSH The Princess of MonacoMiss Grace Patricia Kelly
Father	John B. Kelly, Sr.
Mother	Margaret Katherine Majer
Date of birth	November 12, 1929
Place of birth	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Date of death	September 14, 1982
Place of death	Monaco
Place of burial	Monaco Cathedral
Occupation	Actress
Religion	Roman Catholic
Signature	Grace Kelly Signature.jpg

Grace Patricia Kelly (November 12, 1929 – September 14, 1982) was an American actress and Princess consort of Monaco. In April 1956 Kelly married Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and became styled as Her Serene Highness The Princess of Monaco, and was commonly referred to as Princess Grace.

After embarking on an acting career in 1950, at the age of 20, Grace Kelly appeared in New York City theatrical productions as well as in more than forty episodes of live drama productions broadcast during the early 1950s Golden Age of Television. In October 1953, with the release of Mogambo, she became a movie star, a status confirmed in 1954 with a Golden Globe Award and Academy Award nomination as well as leading roles in five films, including The Country Girl, in which she gave a deglamorized, Academy Award-winning performance. She retired from acting at 26 to enter upon her duties in Monaco. She and Prince Rainier had three children: Caroline, Albert, and Stéphanie. She also retained her American roots, maintaining dual US and Monégasque citizenships. She died on September 14, 1982, two months before her 53rd birthday, when she lost control of her automobile and crashed after suffering a stroke. Her daughter Princess Stéphanie, who was in the car with her, survived the accident. In June 1999, the American Film Institute ranked her #13 in their list of top female stars of American cinema.

Family

A native of Philadelphia, Grace Kelly was born to John Brendan "Jack" Kelly (October 4, 1889–June 20, 1960), and his wife, Margaret Katherine Majer (December 13, 1898–January 6, 1990). The newborn was named in memory of her father's sister, who had died at a young age. She was raised Catholic by her Irish Democrat parents. The family lived in a house at 3901 Henry Avenue in the East Falls neighborhood of the city. Before her marriage, Margaret Majer studied physical education at Temple University and later became the first woman to head the Physical Education Department at the University of Pennsylvania. Jack Kelly was a local hero as a triple Olympic-gold-medal-winning sculler, and subsequently became a self-made millionaire, with his brick business rising to prominence as the largest such enterprise on the East Coast. Registering as a Democrat, he obtained the party's nomination for mayor in the 1935 election and lost by the closest margin for any Democrat in the city's electoral history. In later years, he served on the Fairmount Park Commission and, during World War II, was appointed by President Roosevelt as National Director of Physical Fitness.

When Grace was born, the Kellys already had two children, Margaret Katherine, known as Peggy (June 13, 1925–November 23, 1991) and John Brendan, Jr., known as Kell (May 24, 1927–May 2, 1985). Another daughter, Elizabeth Anne, known as Lizanne (June 25, 1933–November 24, 2009), was born three and a half years after Grace.

At Margaret's baptism in 1925, Jack Kelly's mother, Mary Costello Kelly, expressed her disappointment that the baby was not named Grace in memory of her last daughter who died young. Upon his mother's death the following year, Jack Kelly resolved that his next daughter would bear the name and, three years later, with the arrival of Grace Patricia in November 1929, his late mother's wish was honored.

Following in his father's athletic footsteps, John Jr. won in 1947 the James E. Sullivan Award as the country's top amateur athlete. Also, similar to his father's gold medals in rowing at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics, he competed in the sport at the 1948, 1952 and the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne where, on November 27, seven months after his sister's Monaco wedding, he won a bronze medal, which he gave to her as a gift of the occasion. He also served as a city councilman and Philadelphia's Kelly Drive is named for him.

Two of Grace Kelly's uncles were prominent in the arts; her father's eldest brother, Walter C. Kelly (1873–1939), was a vaudeville star whose nationally known act, The Virginia Judge, was filmed as a 1930 MGM short and a 1935 Paramount feature, and another older brother, George Kelly (1887–1974), estranged from the family due to his homosexuality, became renowned in the 1920s as a dramatist, screenwriter and director with a hit comedy-drama, The Show Off, in 1924–25, and was awarded the 1926 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his next play, Craig's Wife.

Acting career

Name	Grace Kelly
Caption	from the film To Catch a Thief
Birth name	Grace Patricia Kelly
Years active	1950–1958

While attending Ravenhill Academy, a prestigious Catholic girls' school, Kelly modeled fashions at local social events with her mother and sisters. In 1942, at the age of twelve, she played a lead in Don't Feed the Animals, a play produced by the East Falls Old Academy Players. Written in the "Stevens' Prophecy" section was, “Miss Grace P. Kelly - a famous star of stage and screen.”

Theatre

Because of low mathematics scores, Kelly was rejected by Bennington College in July 1947. To the dismay of her mother, Kelly decided to pursue her dreams of a career in the theater. For an audition into the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York she used a scene from her uncle's 1923 play The Torch-Bearers. Although the school had already selected its semester quota, Kelly wrangled an interview with the school's admission officer, Emile Diestel. Alumni of the school include Lauren Bacall, Gene Tierney, and Spencer Tracy. Living in Manhattan's Barbizon Hotel for Women, a prestigious establishment which barred men from entering after 10 p.m., and working as a model to support her studies, Kelly began her first term the following October. A diligent student, she would use a tape recorder to practice and perfect her speech. Her early acting pursuits led her to the stage, most notably a Broadway debut in Strindberg’s The Father alongside Raymond Massey. At 19, her graduation performance was in The Philadelphia Story, a role with which she would also end her film career, in the MGM musical film version High Society.

Television producer Delbert Mann cast Kelly as Bethel Merriday, an adaptation of the Sinclair Lewis novel of the same name, in her first of nearly sixty live television programs. Success on television eventually brought her a role in a major motion picture. Kelly made her film debut in a small role in the 1951 film Fourteen Hours. She was noticed during a visit to the set by Gary Cooper, who subsequently starred with her in High Noon. Cooper was charmed by Kelly and said that she was "different from all these actresses we've been seeing so much of." However, her performance in Fourteen Hours was not noticed by critics, and did not lead to her receiving other film acting roles. She continued her work in the theater and on television. Kelly won the role, along with a 7-year contract, although she was hired at a relatively low salary of $850 a week. Kelly signed the deal under two conditions: First that, one out of every two years, she have time off to work in the theater and second, that she be able to live in New York City, at the now-landmarked Manhattan House, at 200 E. 66th Street. Just two months later, in November, the cast arrived in Nairobi to begin production. She later told Hollywood columnist Hedda Hopper, "Mogambo had three things that interested me. John Ford, Clark Gable, and a trip to Africa with expenses paid. If Mogambo had been made in Arizona, I wouldn't have done it." The role garnered her a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and her first Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress.

]] After the success of Mogambo, Kelly starred in a TV play The Way of an Eagle, with Jean-Pierre Aumont before being cast in the film adaptation of Frederick Knott's Broadway hit Dial M for Murder. Alfred Hitchcock was slated to direct the film and would become one of Kelly's last mentors. Hitchcock also took full advantage of Kelly's virginal beauty on-camera. In a scene in which her character Margot Wendice is nearly murdered, a struggle breaks out between her and her would-be-killer Tony Dawson as she kicks her legs and flails her arms attempting to fight off her killer. Dial M for Murder opened in theaters in May 1954 to both positive reviews and box-office triumph.

Kelly began filming scenes for her next film, The Bridges at Toko-Ri, in January 1954 with William Holden. The role of Nancy, the wife of naval officer Harry (Holden), proved to be a minor but pivotal part of the story. Released in January 1955, The New Yorker wrote of Kelly and Holden's unbridled on-screen chemistry, taking note of Kelly's performance of the part "with quiet confidence."

In committing to the role of Lisa Fremont in Rear Window, Kelly unhesitatingly turned down the opportunity to star alongside Marlon Brando in On the Waterfront, which won her replacement, Eva Marie Saint, an Academy Award. "All through the making of Dial M for Murder, he [Hitchcock] sat and talked to me about Rear Window all the time, even before we had discussed my being in it." Much like the shooting of Dial M for Murder, Kelly and Hitchcock shared a close bond of humor and admiration. Sometimes, however, minor strife would emerge on set concerning the wardrobe:

in Rear Window]] Kelly's new co-star, James Stewart, was highly enthusiastic about working with her. The role of Lisa Fremont, a wealthy Manhattan socialite and model, was unlike any of the previous women which she had played. For the very first time, she was an independent career woman. Stewart played a speculative photographer with a broken leg, bound to a wheelchair and so reduced to curiously observing the happenings outside his window. Kelly is not seen until twenty-two minutes into the movie. Just as he had done earlier, Hitchcock provided the camera with a slow-sequenced silhouette of Kelly, along with a close-up of the two stars kissing and finally lingering closely on her profile. With the film's opening in October 1954, Kelly was again praised. Variety's film critic remarked on the casting, commenting about the "earthy quality to the relationship between Stewart and Miss Kelly. Both do a fine job of the picture's acting demands."

Kelly won the role of Bing Crosby's long-suffering wife, Georgie Elgin, in The Country Girl, after a pregnant Jennifer Jones bowed out. Already familiar with the play, Kelly was desperate for the part. This meant that, to MGM's dismay, she would have to be loaned out to Paramount. Kelly threatened the studio that she would pack her bags and leave for New York for good. The vanquished studio caved in, and the part was hers.

The film also paired Kelly again with William Holden. The wife of a washed-up alcoholic singer, played by Crosby, Kelly's character is emotionally torn between two lovers. Holden willfully begs Kelly to leave her husband and be with him. A piece of frail tenderness manages to cloak itself inside of her, even after having been demonized by Crosby, describing "a pathetic hint of frailty in a wonderful glowing man. That appeals a lot to us. It did to me. I was so young. His weaknesses seemed touching and sweet, they made me love him more."

As a result of her performance in The Country Girl, Kelly was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Her main competitor for the prize was Judy Garland's much heralded comeback performance in A Star Is Born; playing not only the part of an up and coming actress-singer, but also ironically, the wife of an alcoholic movie star. Although Kelly won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for best actress for her performances in her three big movie roles of 1954 (Rear Window, Dial M For Murder, and The Country Girl), she and Garland both received Golden Globe Awards for their respective performances.

By the following March, the race between Kelly and Garland for the Oscar was very close. On the night of the Academy Awards telecast, March 30, 1955, Garland was unable to attend because she was in the hospital having just given birth to her son, Joseph Luft. However, she was rumored to be the odds-on favorite, and NBC Television cameras were set up in her hospital room so that if she was announced as the winner, Garland could make her acceptance speech live from her hospital bed. However, when William Holden announced Kelly as the winner, the technicians immediately dismantled the cameras without saying one word to Garland. Garland was reported not to have been very gracious about Kelly's win, saying in later years, "I didn't appreciate Grace Kelly taking off her makeup and walking away with my Oscar."

In April 1954, Kelly flew to Colombia for a 10-day shoot on her next project, Green Fire, with Stewart Granger. Kelly plays Catherine Knowland, a coffee plantation owner. In Granger's autobiography he writes of his distaste for the film's script, while Kelly later confided to Hedda Hopper, "It wasn't pleasant. We worked at a pathetic village - miserable huts and dirty. Part of the crew got shipwrecked ... It was awful." The fireworks scene has been the subject of much commentary, as Hitchcock subliminally peppers an undertone of sexual innuendo during the sequence.

Marriage

Kelly headed the US delegation at the Cannes Film Festival in April 1955. While there, she was invited to participate in a photo session at the Palace of Monaco with Prince Rainier III, the sovereign of the principality. After a series of delays and complications, Kelly met the prince in Monaco.

Upon returning to America, Kelly began work on The Swan, in which she coincidentally portrayed a princess. Meanwhile, she was privately beginning a correspondence with Rainier. In December, Rainier came to America on a trip officially designated as a tour, although it was speculated that Rainier was actively seeking a wife. A 1918 treaty with France stated that if Rainier did not produce an heir, Monaco would revert to France as a result of the Monaco Succession Crisis of 1918. At a press conference in the United States, Rainier was asked if he was pursuing a wife, to which he answered, "No." A second question was posed, asking, "If you were pursuing a wife, what kind would you like?" Rainier smiled and answered, "I don't know — the best." Rainier met Kelly and her family, and after three days, the prince proposed. Kelly accepted and the families began preparing for what the press called "The Wedding of the Century." Kelly and her family had to provide Prince Rainier with dowry of $2,000,000 USD in order for the marriage to go ahead. The religious wedding was set for April 19, 1956. News of the engagement was a sensation even though it meant the possible end to Kelly's film career. Industry professionals realized that it would have been impractical for her to continue acting and wished her well. Alfred Hitchcock had quipped that he was "very happy that Grace has found herself such a good part."

]] Preparations for the wedding were elaborate. The Palace of Monaco was painted and redecorated throughout. On April 4, 1956, leaving from Pier 84 in New York Harbor, Kelly, with her family, bridesmaids, poodle, and over eighty pieces of luggage boarded the ocean liner SS Constitution for the French Riviera. Some 400 reporters applied to sail, though most were turned away. Thousands of fans sent the party off for the eight-day voyage. In Monaco, more than 20,000 people lined the streets to greet the future princess consort.

That same year, MGM released Kelly's last film, the musical comedy High Society (based on the studio's 1940 comedy Philadelphia Story). One highlight of the film was Kelly's duet with Bing Crosby, singing "True Love," with words and music by Cole Porter.

Princess of Monaco

As is customary in some countries, Kelly and Rainier had both civil and religious weddings. The 40-minute civil ceremony took place in the Palace Throne Room of Monaco on April 18, 1956, and was broadcast across Europe. To cap the ceremony, the 142 official titles (counterparts of Rainier's) that Kelly acquired in the union were formally recited. The following day the church ceremony took place at Monaco's Saint Nicholas Cathedral. Kelly's wedding dress, designed by MGM's Academy Award–winning Helen Rose, was worked on for six weeks by three dozen seamstresses. The bridesmaid's gowns were designed by Joe Allen Hong at Neiman Marcus after Lawrence Marcus visited Monaco. The 600 guests included Hollywood stars David Niven and his wife Hjördis, Gloria Swanson, Ava Gardner, the crowned head Aga Khan, Gloria Guinness, Daisy Fellowes, Etti Plesch, Lady Diana Cooper, Enid, Lady Kenmare, Loelia, Duchess of Westminster and Conrad Hilton. Frank Sinatra initially accepted an invitation but at the last minute decided otherwise, afraid of upstaging the bride on her wedding day. The ceremony was watched by an estimated 30 million people on television. The prince and princess left that night for their seven-week Mediterranean honeymoon cruise on Rainier's yacht, Deo Juvante II.

As Princess of Monaco, she founded AMADE Mondiale, a Monaco-based non-profit organization eventually recognized by the United Nations as a Non-Governmental Organization. According to UNESCO's website, AMADE promotes and protects the "moral and physical integrity" and "spiritual well-being of children throughout the world, without distinction of race, nationality or religion and in a spirit of complete political independence." Her daughter Princess Caroline carries the torch for AMADE today in her role as President.

Children and family

Princess Grace gave birth to the couple's first child, Princess Caroline, nine months and four days after the wedding. Twenty-one guns announced the event, a national holiday was called, gambling ceased, and free champagne flowed throughout the principality. A little over a year later, 101 guns announced the birth of their second child, Prince Albert. Prince Rainier and Princess Grace had three children:

, during Expo 1967.]]

Caroline Louise Marguerite, Princess of Hanover, born January 23, 1957, and now heiress presumptive to the throne of Monaco

Albert II, Prince of Monaco, born March 14, 1958, current ruler of the Principality of Monaco

Princess Stéphanie Marie Elisabeth, born February 1, 1965.

Later years

After the wedding, Prince Rainier banned the screening of Kelly's films. Hitchcock offered Kelly the lead in his film Marnie in 1962. She was eager, but public outcry in Monaco against her involvement in a film that portrayed her as a kleptomaniac made her reconsider and ultimately reject the project. Director Herbert Ross attempted to lure Princess Grace for his 1977 film The Turning Point, but Prince Rainier quashed the idea. Later that year, Kelly returned to the arts in a series of poetry readings on stage and the narration of the documentary The Children of Theater Street. She also narrated ABC's made-for-television film The Poppy Is Also a Flower (1966).

As princess, Kelly was active in improving the arts institutions of Monaco, and eventually the Princess Grace Foundation was formed to support local artisans. She was one of the first celebrities to support and speak on behalf of La Leche League, an organization that advocates breastfeeding; she planned a yearly Christmas party for local orphans, and dedicated a Garden Club that reflected her love of flowers.

Kelly was also a member of the International Best Dressed List since 1960.

In 1981, the Prince and Princess celebrated their 25th wedding anniversary.

Personal life

Kelly was the object of the tabloids and gossip throughout her life. Her love life was a particular focus of speculation. Stories of affairs circulated from her first major role in motion pictures and eventually included the names of almost every major actor at the time.

During the making of Dial M for Murder, her co-star Ray Milland attempted to seduce her. Milland was 22 years older than she. Milland was married to Muriel Milland for thirty years, and the couple had a son. Milland assured Kelly that he had left his wife, which she would later find out to have been a lie. Muriel Milland was one of the most popular wives in Hollywood and had the support of many friends, including gossip columnist Hedda Hopper. After Muriel Milland found out about the alleged affair, Kelly was branded a homewrecker. After Kelly gave a press interview explaining her side of the story the town seemed to lose interest in the scandal. It was never proven that Kelly actually succumbed to Milland's advances; in fact, her friends at the time, such as Rita Gam, believed she had little interest in him.

and first lady Nancy Reagan, 1981]]

Russian fashion designer Oleg Cassini, having just seen Mogambo earlier that evening, encountered Grace Kelly having dinner at Le Veau d'Or. Formerly married to actress Gene Tierney, the original choice to play Mogambo's Linda Nordley, Cassini was raised in Florence and had a cultured air with an abundance of charm and courtliness. He became just as captivated by Kelly in person as he had been while watching her in the film and soon piqued her curiosity by sending her a daily bouquet of red roses. His persistence paid off when she accepted his invitation to lunch, with the provision that her eldest sister, Peggy, join them. Ultimately, her relationship with Cassini foundered on her parents' refusal to accept a divorced non-Catholic as a future son-in-law.

When she was a princess, Prince Rainier laid down a list of strict rules when it came to the encounters with the Princess at the palace, which included, no autographs, no photographs, no audio recording devices, and nobody was allowed to leave the room for anything, unless, and until, the Princess left the room first, so that she would avoid being trapped by a mob of fans. This observation was reported in 1963.

In a 1960s interview, Kelly explained how she had grown to accept the scrutiny as a part of being in the public eye, but expressed concern for her children’s exposure to such relentless scandalmongering. After her death, celebrity biographers chronicled the rumors with renewed enthusiasm.

Friendship with Josephine Baker

In 1951, the newly famous Kelly took a bold stand against a racist incident involving Black American expatriate singer/dancer Josephine Baker, when Sherman Billingsley's Stork Club in New York refused Baker as a customer. Kelly, who was dining at the club when this happened, was so disgusted that she rushed over to Baker (whom she had never met), took her by the arm, and stormed out with her entire party, vowing never to return (and she never did). The two women became close friends after that night. A significant testament to their close friendship was made evident when Baker was near bankruptcy, and was offered a villa and financial assistance by Kelly (who by that time had become The Princess of Monaco) and her husband Rainier III of Monaco. The princess also encouraged Baker to return to performing and financed Baker's triumphant comeback in 1975, attending the opening night's performance. When Baker died, the Princess secured her burial in Monaco.

Death

On September 13, 1982, while driving with her daughter Stéphanie to Monaco from their country home on the French side of the border, Princess Grace suffered a stroke, which caused her to drive her Rover P6 off the serpentine road down a mountainside. The accident site is located at . Grace was pulled alive from the wreckage, but had suffered serious injuries and was unconscious. She died the following day at the Monaco Hospital (renamed Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace — "The Princess Grace Hospital Centre" in English—in 1985), having never regained consciousness. It was initially reported that Princess Stéphanie suffered only minor bruising, although it later emerged that she had suffered a serious cervical fracture.

Grace was buried in the Grimaldi family vault on September 18, 1982, after a requiem mass in Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Monaco. The 400 guests at the service included representatives of foreign governments and of present and past European royal houses. Diana, Princess of Wales represented the British royal family. Cary Grant was among the members of the film community in attendance. Nearly 100 million people worldwide watched her funeral. Prince Rainier, who did not remarry, was buried alongside her following his death in 2005.

In his eulogy, James Stewart said:

Legacy

The Princess Grace Foundation, Monaco was founded in 1964 with the aim of helping those with special needs for whom no provision was made within the ordinary social services. In 1983, following Princess Grace's death, Caroline, Princess of Hanover assumed the duties of President of the Board of Trustees of the Foundation. Albert II, Prince of Monaco is Vice-President.

The Princess Grace Foundation-USA (PGF-USA) was established following the death of Princess Grace of Monaco to continue the work that she had done, anonymously, during her lifetime, assisting emerging theater, dance and film artists in America. Incorporated in 1982, PGF-USA is headquartered in New York and is a tax-exempt, not-for-profit, publicly supported organization. The Princess Grace Awards, a program of the Princess Grace Foundation-USA, has awarded nearly 500 artists at more than 100 institutions in the U.S. with more than $7 million to date. The Princess Grace Foundation-USA also holds the exclusive rights to, and facilitates the licensing of, Princess Grace of Monaco's name and likeness throughout the world. Princess Grace Foundation-USA

On June 18, 1984, Prince Rainier inaugurated a public rose garden in Monaco in Princess Grace's memory because of her passion for the flower.

In 1993, Princess Grace became the first U.S. actress to appear on a U.S. postage stamp.

In 2003, 83 years after Olympic Gold Medalist John Kelly, Sr. was refused entry to the most prestigious rowing event in the world, the Henley Royal Regatta renamed the Women's Quadruple Sculls after his daughter, "Princess Grace Challenge Cup". Princess Grace was invited to present the prizes at the Henley Royal Regatta in 1981 as a peace offering by the Henley Stewards to put a long conflict (61 years) between the Kelly family and Stewards to rest. Her brother, John Kelly, Jr., won the Diamond Sculls at Henley in 1947 and 1949 as well as a Bronze Medal in the single sculls at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. In 2004 her son, Prince Albert, presented the prizes at the Henley Royal Regatta.

On April 1, 2006, The Philadelphia Museum of Art presented an exhibition entitled, Fit for a Princess: Grace Kelly's Wedding Dress, that ran through May 21, 2006. The exhibition was in honor of the 50th anniversary of Princess Grace and Prince Rainier's wedding.

To commemorate the 25th anniversary of her death €2 commemorative coins were issued on July 1, 2007 with the "national" side bearing the image of Princess Grace. In Monaco (at the Grimaldi Forum) and the United States (at Sotheby's) a large Princess Grace exhibition, coordinated by the Princely Family, called "Grace, Princess of Monaco: A Tribute to the Life and Legacy of Grace Kelly", celebrated her life and her contribution to the arts through her Foundation.

In October 2009, a plaque was placed on the "Rodeo Drive Walk of Style" in recognition of Princess Grace's contributions to style and fashion.

In November 2009, to commemorate what would have been her 80th birthday TCM named her as star of the month which saw Prince Albert II pay a special tribute to his mother.

Titles and styles

Titles held by the Princess of Monaco, in chronological order:

Miss Grace Patricia Kelly (November 12, 1929 - April 18, 1956)

Her Serene Highness The Princess of Monaco (April 18, 1956 - Death)

Princess Grace's official style and title was: Her Serene Highness The Princess of Monaco, Duchess of Valentina, Marchioness of Baux, Countess of Carlades, Baroness of Sain Lo, 101 times Dame.

Screen credits

Filmography

{| class=wikitable |- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;" | Year || Title || Role || Director || Co-stars |- | 1951 || Fourteen Hours || Louise Ann Fuller || Henry Hathaway || Paul Douglas, Richard Basehart, Barbara Bel Geddes |- | 1952 || High Noon || Amy Fowler Kane || Fred Zinnemann || Gary Cooper, Katy Jurado, Lloyd Bridges, Thomas Mitchell |- | 1953 || Mogambo || Linda Nordley || John Ford || Clark Gable, Ava Gardner |- | rowspan=5|1954 || Dial M for Murder || Margot Mary Wendice || Alfred Hitchcock || Ray Milland, Robert Cummings, John Williams |- | Rear Window || Lisa Carol Fremont || Alfred Hitchcock || James Stewart, Wendell Corey, Thelma Ritter, Raymond Burr |- |The Country Girl || Georgie Elgin || George Seaton || Bing Crosby, William Holden |- | Green Fire || Catherine Knowland || Andrew Marton || Stewart Granger |- |The Bridges at Toko-Ri || Nancy Brubaker || Mark Robson || William Holden, Fredric March, Mickey Rooney, Earl Holliman |- | 1955 || To Catch a Thief || Frances Stevens || Alfred Hitchcock || Cary Grant |- | rowspan=2|1956 || The Swan || Princess Alexandra || Charles Vidor || Alec Guinness, Louis Jourdan |- | High Society || Tracy Samantha Lord || Charles Walters || Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, Celeste Holm |}

Television appearances and filmography

{| class=wikitable |- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;" | Year || TV series and network || Date of broadcast and episode title || Episode sequence || Cast, writer, director and explanatory notes |- | 1948 || Kraft Television Theatre(NBC) || November 3, 1948:"Old Lady Robbins" || season 2 episode 7 || Ethel Owen, Grace Kelly |- | rowspan=16|1950 || The Philco Television Playhouse(NBC) || January 8, 1950:"Bethel Merriday" || season 2 episode 19 || Grace Kelly as Bethel Merriday, Oliver Thorndike, Warren Stevens, Katherine Meskill, Mary Patton, Frank Stephens, Mary K. Wells—————adapted from novel by Sinclair Lewisdirected by Delbert Mann |- | Ripley's Believe It or Not(NBC) || January 11, 1950:"The Voice of Obsession" || season 2 episode 2 || John Hudson, Hildy Parks, Grace Kelly |- | Westinghouse Studio One(CBS) || January 23, 1950:"The Rockingham Tea Set" || season 2 episode 20 || Starring Louise Allbritton as Celia Arden; Featuring Catherine Willard as Mrs. Arden, Judson Laire as Dr. Waller, Katherine Emmet as Mrs. Gregory; Introducing Grace Kelly as Sara Mappin, Richard McMurray as David Barr; Other players Cecil Scott and Nell Harrison—————by Virginia Douglas Dawsonadapted by Worthington Miner and Matthew E. Harlibdirected by Franklin Schaffner |- | The Philco Television Playhouse(NBC) || February 12, 1950:"Ann Rutledge" || season 2 episode 24 || Grace Kelly as Ann Rutledge, Stephen Courtleigh as Abraham Lincoln |- | Actors Studio(CBS) || March 3, 1950:"The Apple Tree" || season 2 episode 22 || John Merivale, Patricia Kirkland, Grace Kellyhost: Marc Connelly |- | Cads, Scoundrels and Ladies(NBC) || April 25, 1950:"The Lovesick Robber" || drama special || one-time hour-long live presentation replacing The Original Amateur HourGrace Kelly appears in "The Lovesick Robber", one of the comedy-drama one-act plays |- |The Play's the Thing(CBS) || May 26, 1950:"The Token" || season 1 episode 7 || Mark Roberts, Grace Kellyhost: Marc Connelly |- | The Play's the Thing(CBS) || June 9, 1950:"The Swan" || season 1 episode 8 || Grace Kelly as Princess Alexandra [the role she will play again in the 1956 film], George Keane as Nicholas Agi, Alfred Ryder as Prince Albert, Jane Hoffman as Princess Beatrix, Leopoldine Konstantin as Queen Maria Dominika, Dennis Hoey as Father Hyacinth—————adapted from play by Ferenc Molnárhost: Marc Connelly; directed by David Pressman |- | Comedy Theater(CBS) || July 9, 1950:"Summer Had Better Be Good" || season 1 episode 1 || Grace Kelly—————by Ruth McKenney |- |Lights Out(NBC) || July 17, 1950: "The Devil to Pay" || season 2 episode 45 || Jonathan Harris, Grace Kelly, Theodore Marcusedirected by William Corrigan |- | Big Town(CBS) || October 5, 1950: "The Pay-Off" || season 1 episode 1 || Patrick McVey, Mary K. Wells, Grace Kellydirected by David Lowell Rich |- | The Clock(NBC) || October 20, 1950:"Vengeance" || season 2 episode 4 || Torin Thatcher, Grace Kelly—————adapted from novella by Balzacdirected by Grey Lockwood |- | The Web(CBS) || November 1, 1950: "Mirror of Delusion" || season 1 episode 18 || Hugh Franklin, Anna Lee, Grace Kelly, Mary Stuarthost: Jonathan Blake |- | Somerset Maugham TV Theatre(CBS) || November 15, 1950 || season 1 episode 5 || Leo Penn, Grace Kelly—————adapted from story by W. Somerset Maughamhost: W. Somerset Maugham |- | Danger(CBS) || December 19, 1950:"The Sergeant and the Doll" || season 1 episode 13 || Laura Weber, Grace Kelly, James Westerfieldhost: Richard Stark |- | The Philco Television Playhouse(NBC) || December 31, 1950:"Leaf Out of a Book" || season 3 episode 17 || Vicki Cummings, Lauren Gilbert, Grace Kelly, Claudia Morgan [restaged, again on NBC, with most of the same cast, on Goodyear Television Playhouse, broadcast July 6, 1952] |- | rowspan=6|1951 || The Prudential Family Playhouse(CBS) || February 13, 1951:"Berkeley Square" || season 1 episode 10 || Richard Greene as Peter Standish, Grace Kelly as Helen Pettigrew, Rosalind Ivan as Lady Ann Pettigrew, Mary Scott as Kate Pettigrew—————adapted from play by John L. Balderston |- | Nash Airflyte Theater(CBS) || February 22, 1951:"A Kiss for Mr. Lincoln" || season 1 episode 23 || Richard Greene, Grace Kelly, Bruce Gordon, Sarah Cunningham, Sarah Floydhost: William Gaxtondirected by David Pressman |- | Fourteen Hours(TCF) || first screening:March 6, 1951 || first feature film || Paul Douglas, Richard Basehart, Barbara Bel Geddes, Debra Paget, Agnes Moorehead, Robert Keith, Howard Da Silva, Jeffrey Hunter, Martin Gabel, Grace Kellydirected by Henry Hathaway |- | Armstrong Circle Theatre(NBC) || June 5, 1951:"Lover's Leap" || season 1 episode 53 || Leslie Nielsen, Grace Kelly, Don Murphy, Alan Abel, Larry Buchanan, Michael Keith, Charles Mendick |- | Armstrong Circle Theatre(NBC) || November 27, 1951: "Brand from the Burning" || season 2 episode 11 || Thomas Coley, Grace Kellyhost: Nelson Case |- | The Philco Television Playhouse(NBC) || December 30, 1951: "The Sisters" || season 4 episode 6 || Leslie Nielsen, Grace Kelly, Dorothy Peterson, Natalie Schafer—————by Robert Alan Aurthurdirected by Gordon Duff |- | rowspan=16|1952 || CBS Television Workshop(CBS) || January 13, 1952:"Don Quixote" || season 1 episode 4 || Boris Karloff as Don Quixote, Jimmy Savo as Sancho Panza, Grace Kelly as Dulcinea—————adapted from the Cervantes classicdirected by Sidney Lumet |- | Hallmark Television Playhouse(NBC) || January 20, 1952:"The Big Build Up" || season 1 episode 4 || Grace Kelly as Claire, Richard Derr, Vinton Hayworth, Parker McCormick, Harry Mehaffey, Elinor Randel—————adapted from novel by Michael Fosterhost: Sarah Churchill; directed by William Corrigan |- | Danger(CBS) || February 5, 1952:"Prelude to Death" || season 2 episode 21 || Grace Kelly, Carmen Mathewshost: Richard Stark |- | The Philco Television Playhouse(NBC) || February 10, 1952:"Rich Boy" || season 4 episode 9 || Gene Lyons as Anson Hunter, Grace Kelly as Paula Legendre, Phyllis Kirk as Dolly Karger, Kathleen Comegys as Aunt Edna, Mary Jackson, Henry Hart, Robert McQueeney, Tom Pedi, Geoffrey Lumb, David White, Eric Sinclair—————adapted by Walter Bernstein from short story by F. Scott Fitzgerald; directed by Delbert Mann |- | Lux Video Theatre(CBS) || February 18, 1952:"Life, Liberty and Orrin Dudley" || season 2 episode 26 || Jackie Cooper as Orrin Dudley, Grace Kelly as Beth—————teleplay by John Whedondirected by Richard Goode |- | Lights Out(NBC) || March 17, 1952:"The Borgia Lamp" || season 4 episode 30 || Robert Sterling, Grace Kelly, Hugh Griffith |- | Robert Montgomery Presents(NBC) || June 2, 1952:"Candles for Theresa" || season 3 episode 31 || Robert Sterling, Grace Kellyhost: Robert Montgomery |- | Kraft Television Theatre(NBC) || June 11, 1952: "The Cricket on the Hearth" || season 5 episode 40 || Russell Hardie as Edward Plummer, Grace Kelly as May Fielding—————adaptation of the Dickens classic |- | Suspense(CBS) || Tuesday, July 1, 1952, 9:30–10pm:"Fifty Beautiful Girls" || season 4 episode 41 || Joseph Anthony, Grace Kelly, Rusty Lane, Robert Keith, Jr.; host: Rex Marshall[since this episode and the one below were both broadcast live, research has not yet determined how Grace Kelly could have simultaneously performed in both productions] |- | Armstrong Circle Theatre(NBC) || Tuesday, July 1, 1952, 9:30–10pm:"City Editor" || season 2 episode 41 || Louise Allbritton, Shepperd Strudwick, Grace Kellyhost: Joe Ripley[since this episode was apparently broadcast simultaneously with the one above, it is inexplicable how Grace Kelly could have appeared on both] |- | Goodyear Television Playhouse(NBC) || July 6, 1952:"Leaf Out of a Book" || season 1 episode 20 || Lauren Gilbert, Grace Kelly, Claudia Morgan[restaged production, again on NBC, with most of the same cast, of December 31, 1950 episode of Philco Television Playhouse] |- | High Noon(Stanley Kramer Productions) || first screening:July 7, 1952 || second feature film || Gary Cooper, Thomas Mitchell, Lloyd Bridges, Katy Jurado, Grace Kellydirected by Fred Zinnemann |- | Kraft Television Theatre(NBC) || August 29, 1952:"The Small Hours" || season 5 episode 49 || Lauren Gilbert as Henry Mitchell, Katherine Meskill as Laura Mitchell, Grace Kelly as Dorothy Mitchell—————adapted from play by George S. Kaufman and Leueen MacGrath |- | Armstrong Circle Theatre(NBC) || September 2, 1952:"Recapture" || season 2 episode 48 || Darren McGavin, Grace Kelly, Barbara Baxleyhost: Joe Ripleydirected by Garry Simpson |- | Westinghouse Studio One(CBS) || September 22, 1952:"The Kill" || season 5 episode 1 || Starring Dick Foran as Jeff, Nina Foch as Carrie, Grace Kelly as Freda, Paul Langton as Marsh, Harry Townes as Dave, Don Hanmer as Al, Carl Frank as Link, George Mitchell as Abner, Joe Maross as Nebro, Alan Devitt as Cap Manny, Frank Marth as Bub, James Coots as Sheriff, Arthur Junaleska as Billy, Lynn Loring as Carol—————based on The Mountains Have No Shadow by Owen Cameron; written for television by Reginald Rose; directed by Franklin Schaffner |- | Lux Video Theatre(CBS) || September 29, 1952: "A Message for Janice" || season 3 episode 6 || Jackie Cooper, Grace Kelly as Janice, George Hall—————by S. H. Barnett from story by Walter C. Browndirected by Richard Goode |- | rowspan=5|1953 || Lux Video Theatre(CBS) || May 14, 1953: "The Betrayer" || season 3 episode 37 || Robert Preston, Grace Kelly as Meg—————written by Charles L. Emmonsdirected by Fielder Cook |- | The Philco Television Playhouse(NBC) || June 7, 1953:"The Way of the Eagle" || season 5 episode 24 || Jean-Pierre Aumont, Grace Kelly |- | Kraft Television Theatre(NBC) || June 17, 1953:"Boy of Mine" || season 6 episode 37 || Henry Jones, Grace Kelly, Martin Newman |- | Mogambo(MGM) || first screening:October 9, 1953 || third feature film || Clark Gable, Ava Gardner, Grace Kellydirected by John Ford |- | Toast of the Town(CBS) || October 18, 1953 || season 7 episode 6 || nine days after release of Mogambo, Grace Kelly performed on America's top-rated star-driven variety program; in other segments: David Wayne, Ralph Meeker, John Forsythe; host: Ed Sullivan |- | rowspan=8|1954 || Kraft Television Theatre(NBC) || January 6, 1954:"The Thankful Heart" || season 7 episode 19 || Florenz Ames, John Stephen[nearly seven months after appearing in her previous live TV drama (on the same anthology series) and, on the brink of movie stardom, with full schedule of film starring roles, Grace Kelly here gives her final performance for the Golden Age of Television] |- | 26th Academy Awards(NBC) || March 25, 1954 || second televised Academy Awards || host in Hollywood: Donald O'Connorhost in New York: Fredric MarchGrace Kelly as presenter and also nominee for Best Supporting Actress in Mogambo |- | The Country Girl(Paramount) || first screening:May 17, 1954 || fourth feature film || Bing Crosby, Grace Kelly, William Holdendirected by George Seaton |- | Dial M for Murder(Warner) || first screening:May 29, 1954 || fifth feature film || Ray Milland, Grace Kelly, Robert Cummingsdirected by Alfred Hitchcock |- | Rear Window(Paramount) || first screening:August 1, 1954 || sixth feature film || James Stewart, Grace Kelly, Wendell Coreydirected by Alfred Hitchcock |- | Miss America Pageant(ABC) || September 11, 1954 || first Miss America Pageant televised || host for the pageant: Bob Russellcommentator for ABC network: John Dalyco-host for ABC network: Bess MyersonGrace Kelly as one of the judges |- | The Bridges at Toko-Ri(Paramount) || Los Angeles preview:September 25, 1954 || seventh feature film || William Holden, Grace Kelly, Fredric Marchdirected by Mark Robson |- | Green Fire(MGM) || first screening:December 24, 1954 || eighth feature film || Stewart Granger, Grace Kelly, Paul Douglasdirected by Andrew Marton |- | rowspan=3|1955 || Toast of the Town(CBS) || January 9, 1955: || season 8 episode 18 || Grace Kelly's second performance on the top-rated variety program; in other segments: José Greco, Forrest Tucker, Guy Mitchell, James Michener, The Shipstad & Johnson Ice Follies with Werner Groebli, The U.S.O. Hollywood Troupe, The Kermond Brothers, Richard Dwyer, Marie Crimmins; host: Ed Sullivan |- | 27th Academy Awards(NBC) || March 30, 1955 || third televised Academy Awards || host in Hollywood: Bob Hopehost in New York: Thelma RitterGrace Kelly as presenter and also nominee (and eventual winner) for Best Actress in The Country Girl |- | To Catch a Thief(Paramount) || first screening:August 3, 1955 || ninth feature film || Cary Grant, Grace Kelly, Jessie Royce Landisdirected by Alfred Hitchcock |- | rowspan=5|1956 || 28th Academy Awards(NBC) || March 21, 1956 || fourth televised Academy Awards || host in Hollywood: Jerry Lewisco-hosts in Hollywood: Claudette Colbert and Joseph L. MankiewiczGrace Kelly as presenter |- | The Swan(MGM) || first screening:April 26, 1956 || tenth feature film || Grace Kelly, Alec Guinness, Louis Jourdandirected by Charles Vidor |- | Wedding in Monaco(MGM) || first screening:May 17, 1956 || short film || 31-minute widescreen filmed record of the wedding of Grace Kelly to Prince Rainierdirected by Jean Masson |- | High Society(MGM) || first screening:July 17, 1956 || eleventh feature film || Bing Crosby, Grace Kelly, Frank Sinatradirected by Charles Walters |- | The Perry Como Show(NBC) || September 15, 1956 || season 7 episode 6 || live musical variety program features a segment filmed in the Monaco Royal Palace with Princess Grace and Prince Rainier; in other segments: Irene Dunne, Sal Mineo; host: Perry Como |- ||1958 || The Ed Sullivan Show(CBS) || July 6, 1958 || season 11 episode 41 || third appearance of Grace Kelly, now Princess Grace, on the top-rated variety program, which was officially titled Toast of the Town until September 11, 1955; the live show presents a segment filmed in Monaco in which Princess Grace and Prince Rainier describe the two years of their marriage, mention 4-month-old Prince Albert and introduce 18-month-old Princess Caroline; in other segments: William Bendix, Carol Burnett, Esther Williams, Harold Lloyd and Duke Lloyd, Sally Blair, Professor Backwards, The Kirby Stone Four, Robert Q. Lewis, The Moridor Trio, Jumpin Joe Monahan, Wilbert Clark, Joe Cook, Jr., Jacqueline Dubeiffe, Elaine Herndon; host: Ed Sullivan |}

Discography

"True Love" (from High Society, duet with Bing Crosby, 1956)

L'Oiseau du Nord et L'Oiseau du Soleil, in French and in English (1978)

Birds, Beasts & Flowers: A Programme of Poetry, Prose and Music (1980)

References

External links

Ancestry Chart of Prince Albert

A list of ancestors of Grace Kelly

Princess Grace Foundation - USA

Princely House of Monaco

Footage of Grace Kelly's Royal Wedding

Short film about Grace Kelly

|- 1982}}

Category:1929 births Category:1982 deaths Category:20th-century actors Category:Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Category:American Academy of Dramatic Arts alumni Category:American expatriates in Monaco Category:American film actors Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American Roman Catholics Category:American television actors Category:Best Actress Academy Award winners Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Burials at Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Monaco Category:American actors of German descent Category:House of Grimaldi Category:Kelly family Category:Monegasque Roman Catholics Category:Monegasque people of Irish descent Category:Naturalized citizens of Monaco Category:Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre alumni Category:Pennsylvania Democrats Category:People from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Category:Princesses of Monaco Category:Road accident deaths in Monaco Category:Western (genre) film actors

Name	Bad News
Background	group_or_band
Origin	UK
Genre	Heavy metal
Years active	1983–1988
Label	EMI
Past members	Vim FuegoDen DennisColin GrigsonSpider Webb

Bad News were a spoof rock band, created for the Channel 4 television series The Comic Strip Presents.... Its members were Vim Fuego (aka Alan Metcalfe), vocals and lead guitar (played by Adrian Edmondson); Den Dennis, rhythm guitar (Nigel Planer); Colin Grigson, bass (Rik Mayall); and Spider Webb, drums (Peter Richardson).

Biography

Bad News made their television debut during 1983, in the first series of The Comic Strip Presents... (written by Edmondson, and produced by Michael White/Comic Strip Productions). The episode, Bad News Tour, took the form of a satirical fly-on-the-wall rockumentary, in which the incompetent band is followed travelling to a gig in Grantham by an almost equally inept documentary film crew. Coincidentally, it was in production at the same time as This Is Spinal Tap, which was released the following year to a much wider audience and subsequently greater acclaim. The episode is notable for featuring songs (written by Edmondson and Simon Brint) that do not appear on either of the Bad News albums or in the later TV episode. These rare tunes are 'Bad News' (Version 1), 'The Motorbike Song' (aka 'Doing A Turn Down The Highway'), a brief snippet of a song whose title is unknown, and an almost complete live version of 'Mr Rock N Roll'. These tunes represent the only released Bad News material not (co)produced by Queen guitarist Brian May.

The band continued to tour throughout most of the decade and released an eponymously titled album, consisting of thrashy rock songs punctuated by frequent squabbling amongst the band's members. Brian May produced the record, which included a cover of Queen's "Bohemian Rhapsody".

Perhaps their most memorable appearance was when they were invited to play at the Monsters of Rock festival at Castle Donington. This performance was the centre piece of a second follow up Comic Strip episode, More Bad News broadcast again by Channel 4 in 1988. A feature of the band's onstage antics that day, omitted from the final cut, was an interesting method of coping with the crowd's plastic (and often urine-filled) bottle barrage, which was then a traditional (if somewhat awkward) welcome for bands playing at the Donington festival in those days. Before the performance began proper, the band spent time just running around on stage dodging missiles, with Mayall using his guitar as a bat in an attempt to return some.

Discography

1987 – Bad News

1988 – Bootleg 1992 – The Cash In Compilation

2004 – Bad News (re-release on EMI International)

Members

Vim Fuego aka Alan Metcalfe (Adrian Edmondson) – Vocals and lead guitar

Den Dennis (Nigel Planer) – Rhythm guitar

Colin Grigson (Rik Mayall) – Bass guitar

Spider Webb (Peter Richardson) – Drums

External links

BBC's h2g2 Bad News entry

Category:English heavy metal musical groups Category:Musical groups established in 1983 Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1988 Category:Mockumentary television series Category:The Comic Strip