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Welcome to the Linux Kernel Archives. This is the primary site for the Linux kernel source, but it has much more than just Linux kernels. Frequently Asked Questions
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| The latest stable version of the Linux kernel is: | 2.6.28.7 | 2009-02-20 22:48 UTC | F | V | VI | C | Changelog |
| The latest prepatch for the stable Linux kernel tree is: | 2.6.29-rc5 | 2009-02-13 22:26 UTC | B | V | VI | C | Changelog |
| The latest snapshot for the stable Linux kernel tree is: | 2.6.29-rc5-git4 | 2009-02-20 00:01 UTC | B | V | C | ||
| The latest 2.4 version of the Linux kernel is: | 2.4.37 | 2008-12-02 08:13 UTC | F | V | VI | C | Changelog |
| The latest 2.2 version of the Linux kernel is: | 2.2.26 | 2004-02-25 00:28 UTC | F | V | Changelog | ||
| The latest prepatch for the 2.2 Linux kernel tree is: | 2.2.27-rc2 | 2005-01-12 23:55 UTC | B | V | VI | Changelog | |
| The latest -mm patch to the stable Linux kernels is: | 2.6.28-rc2-mm1 | 2008-10-29 06:29 UTC | V |
F = full source, B = patch baseline, V = view patch,
VI = view incremental, C = current changesets
Changelogs are provided by the kernel authors directly. Please
don't write the webmaster about them.
Customize the patch viewer
December 31, 2008: patchwork.kernel.org is now available for general use. It is currently only monitoring the Linux Kernel mailing-list, but should be useful to kernel developers in dealing with patches flying across the wire.
September 19, 2008: mirrors.kernel.org has been flipped over to using our new GeoDNS based bind server (named-geodns). This means that, at the dns query level, our servers will attempt to direct you to the nearest / fastest kernel.org mirror for your request. This means that you no longer have to use mirrors.us.kernel.org or mirrors.eu.kernel.org to generally route you to the right place. This does mean a change to mirrors.kernel.org no longer explicitly pointing at mirrors.us.kernel.org. Additional information on named-geodns will be forth coming, check back here for an addendum soon.
March 24, 2008: After far too long of a bringup, mirrors.eu.kernel.org is now available. Again thanks to to Hewlett-Packard, ISC and Umeå Universitet, we now have a full complement of mirror servers in Amsterdam and Umeå.
Huge thanks to HP for donating two additional DL585 G5's for this effort, and huge thanks to ISC and UMU for volunteering to host our servers!
Aug 17, 2007: We have been recognized by the IRS as a 501(c)3 nonprofit corporation.
Jun 30, 2007: European servers! Thanks to Hewlett-Packard, ISC and Umeå Universitet, we are introducing new kernel.org servers at ISC in Amsterdam and Umeå Universitet, Sweden. These servers are available as a round-robin as www.eu.kernel.org, ftp.eu.kernel.org, and rsync.eu.kernel.org.
Additionally, the hostnames www.all.kernel.org, ftp.all.kernel.org, and rsync.all.kernel.org are worldwide round-robins among all four servers.
We hope to have Geo- or BGP-based IP directing in the future, and hope to soon provide additional services in Europe.
Huge thanks to HP for donating two additional DL380 G5's for this effort, and huge thanks to ISC and UMU for volunteering to host our servers!
May 20, 2007: New servers! We have received two new DL380 G5 servers from Hewlett-Packard. These servers are dual quad-core Xeon E5335 servers with 16 GB RAM per server, and 15000 RPM SAS disks. These servers have replaced the old servers for all local-contents services (www, ftp, and rsync); the old servers are now dedicated to running mirrors.kernel.org.
Once again, thanks to HP for your continued support of kernel.org!
To improve access for everyone, a number of sites around the world have provided mirrors of this site, which may be faster to use than the master archive itself. Please see http://www.kernel.org/mirrors/ for information about how to connect to a participating mirror site.
To guard against Trojan mirror sites, all files originating at the Linux Kernel Archives are cryptographically signed. If you are getting a message that the verification key has expired, please see this link.
Linux is a clone of the operating system Unix, written from scratch by Linus Torvalds with assistance from a loosely-knit team of hackers across the Net. It aims towards POSIX and Single UNIX Specification compliance.
It has all the features you would expect in a modern fully-fledged Unix, including true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, demand loading, shared copy-on-write executables, proper memory management, and multistack networking including IPv4 and IPv6.
Although originally developed first for 32-bit x86-based PCs (386 or higher), today Linux also runs on (at least) the Alpha AXP, Sun SPARC, Motorola 68000, PowerPC, ARM, Hitachi SuperH, IBM S/390, MIPS, HP PA-RISC, Intel IA-64, AMD x86-64, AXIS CRIS, Renesas M32R, Atmel AVR32, Renesas H8/300, NEC V850, Tensilica Xtensa, and Analog Devices Blackfin architectures; for many of these architectures in both 32- and 64-bit variants.
Linux is easily portable to most general-purpose 32- or 64-bit architectures as long as they have a paged memory management unit (PMMU) and a port of the GNU C compiler (gcc) (part of The GNU Compiler Collection, GCC). Linux has also been ported to a number of architectures without a PMMU, although functionality is then obviously somewhat limited. See the µClinux project for more info.
If you're new to Linux, you don't want to download the kernel, which is just a component in a working Linux system. Instead, you want what is called a distribution of Linux, which is a complete Linux system. There are numerous distributions available for download on the Internet as well as for purchase from various vendors; some are general-purpose, and some are optimized for specific uses. We currently have mirrors of several distributions available at mirrors.kernel.org, as well as a small collection of special-purpose distributions at http://www.kernel.org/pub/dist/.
Note, however, that most distributions are very large (several gigabytes), so unless you have a fast Internet link you may want to save yourself some hassle and purchase a CD-ROM with a distribution; such CD-ROMs are available from a number of vendors.
The Linux Installation HOWTO has more information how to set up your first Linux system.
There is much information about Linux on the web.
Please see http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/reporting-bugs.html if you want to report a Linux kernel bug. Bug reports sent to the kernel.org administrators will be ignored.
There is now a bugzilla setup at bugzilla.kernel.org. Currently this is for reporting kernel version 2.6 bugs only.
The Linux kernel is discussed on the linux-kernel mailing list at vger.kernel.org. The FAQ is available at http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/docs/lkml/, please read the FAQ before subscribing.
Although there is no official archive site, unofficial archives of the list can be found at:
The Linux kernel, as well as several other pieces of software, are maintained using the git source code control system. For a more user-friendly wrapper around git, see Cogito.
See http://git.kernel.org/ for a list of git repositories on kernel.org.
Due to U.S. Exports Regulations, all cryptographic software on this site is subject to the following legal notice:
This site includes publicly available encryption source code which, together with object code resulting from the compiling of publicly available source code, may be exported from the United States under License Exception "TSU" pursuant to 15 C.F.R. Section 740.13(e).
This legal notice applies to cryptographic software only. Please see the Bureau of Industry and Security for more information about current U.S. regulations.
Our servers are located in Corvallis, Oregon, USA; Palo Alto and San Francisco, California, USA; Amsterdam, Netherlands; and Umeå, Sweden. Use in violation of any applicable laws is prohibited.
Before emailing kernel.org, please take a look at our kernel.org FAQ.
For comments about the web pages, please send mail to webmaster@kernel.org.
For comments about the file archive, please send mail to ftpadmin@kernel.org.
Please do not send general Linux questions or bug reports to these addresses. We do not have the resources to reply to them. If your message does not relate to the operation of the Linux Kernel Archives, it will be deleted without action. Because of the volume of unsolicited email we receive, please add [KORG] to the subject to avoid accidental deletion. Additionally, any Content-Type other than text/plain will most likely be deleted without action.
This site is operated by the Linux Kernel Organization, Inc., a 501(c)3 nonprofit corporation, with support from the following sponsors.
Linux is a Registered Trademark of Linus Torvalds.
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